Java API、Hbase Shell常用的Hbase操作

(1) 以下面的表结构，创建student表：

create 'student','name','score'

(2) 查看student 表的结构

describe 'student'

(3) 创建新表列出HBase所有的表的相关信息，例如表名；

list

(4) 对student 表，添加下数据：

put 'student','zhangsan','score:English','69'
put 'student','zhangsan','score:Math','86'
put 'student','zhangsan','score:Computer','77'
put 'student','lisi','score:English','76'
put 'student','lisi','Math','89'
put 'student','lisi','Computer','70'

(5) 统计表的行数。

count 'student'

(6) 在终端打印出指定的表的所有记录数据

scan 'student'

(7) 更新zhangsan的英文成绩为87

put 'student','zhangsan','score:English','87'

(8) 用于查看表的某一行数据

get 'student','zhangsan'

(9) 删除表上指定的列族或列；

delete 'student','zhangsan','score:Math'

(10) 清空指定的表的所有记录数据；

truncate 'student'

(11) 删除student表

disable 'student'
drop 'student'

Java API:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import java.io.IOException;
 
public class Demo{
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
 
    //建立连接
    public static void init(){
        configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try{
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
}

    //关闭连接
    public static void close(){
        try{
            if(admin != null){
                admin.close();
            }
            if(null != connection){
                connection.close();
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 建表
     * @param myTableName 表名
     * @param colFamily 列族名
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void createTable(String myTableName,String[] colFamily) throws IOException {
 
        init();
        TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf(myTableName);
 
        if(admin.tableExists(tableName)){
            System.out.println("talbe is exists!");
        }else {
            HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
            for(String str:colFamily){
                HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(str);
                hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);
            }
            admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
            System.out.println("create table success");
        }
        close();
    }
    /**
     * 删除指定表
     * @param tableName 表名
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void deleteTable(String tableName) throws IOException {
        init();
        TableName tn = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
        if (admin.tableExists(tn)) {
            admin.disableTable(tn);
            admin.deleteTable(tn);
            System.out.println("删除成功");
        }
        close();
    }
 
    /**
     * 查看已有表
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void listTables() throws IOException {
        init();
        HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptors[] = admin.listTables();
        for(HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor :hTableDescriptors){
            System.out.println(hTableDescriptor.getNameAsString());
        }
        close();
    }
    /**
     * 向某一行的某一列插入数据
     * @param tableName 表名
     * @param rowKey 行键
     * @param colFamily 列族名
     * @param col 列名（如果其列族下没有子列，此参数可为空）
     * @param val 值
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void insertRow(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily,String col,String val) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
        put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
        table.put(put);
        System.out.println("插入成功");
        table.close();
        close();
    }
 
    /**
     * 删除数据
     * @param tableName 表名
     * @param rowKey 行键
     * @param colFamily 列族名
     * @param col 列名
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void deleteRow(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily,String col) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
        //删除指定列族的所有数据
        //delete.addFamily(colFamily.getBytes());
        //删除指定列的数据
        //delete.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes());
 
        table.delete(delete);
        System.out.println("删除成功");
        table.close();
        close();
    }
    /**
     * 根据行键rowkey查找数据
     * @param tableName 表名
     * @param rowKey 行键
     * @param colFamily 列族名
     * @param col 列名
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void getData(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily,String col)throws  IOException{
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
        get.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes());
        Result result = table.get(get);
        showCell(result);
        table.close();
        close();
    }
    /**
     * 格式化输出
     * @param result
     */
    public static void showCell(Result result){
        Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
        for(Cell cell:cells){
            System.out.println("RowName:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell))+" ");
            System.out.println("Timetamp:"+cell.getTimestamp()+" ");
            System.out.println("column Family:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+" ");
            System.out.println("row Name:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+" ");
            System.out.println("value:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell))+" ");
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args)throws IOException{
        //创建一个表，      表名 		 列族
       // createTable("Student",new String[]{"SNo","SName","SSex","SAge"});
 
    	//插入数据    表名       行号		列族  子列   值
//    	insertRow("Student", "95001", "SNo", "", "2015001");
//    	insertRow("Student", "95001", "SName", "", "Zhangsan");
//       insertRow("Student", "95001", "SSex", "", "male");
//       insertRow("Student", "95001", "SAge", "", "23");
    	
        //删除数据    表名			行号	   列族	 子列
      //  deleteRow("Student", "95001", "", "");
 
        //查询数据    表名		 行号	   列族	 子列
//       getData("Student", "95001", "SName", "");
       
        //删除表
        deleteTable("Student");
    }
}