线程的互斥
互斥锁通信机制
互斥锁:
使用互斥锁(互斥)可以使线程按顺序执行。通常,互斥锁通过确保一次只有一个线程执行代码的临界段来同步多个线程。互斥锁还可以保护单线程代码。
互斥锁的相关操作函数如下:
1、创建锁及销毁锁
#include <pthread.h>
int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *restrict mutex, const pthread_mutexattr_t *restrict attr); //初始化锁
int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t* mutex); //销毁锁
// 返回:若成功返回0,否则返回错误编号
要用默认的属性初始化互斥量,只需把attr设置为NULL。
2、加锁和解锁
#include <pthread.h>
int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t * mptr);
int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t * mptr);
//Both return: 0 if OK, positive Exxx value on error
在对临界资源进行操作之前需要pthread_mutex_lock先加锁,操作完之后pthread_mutex_unlock再解锁。而且在这之前需要声明一个pthread_mutex_t类型的变量,用作前面两个函数的参数。
同一时间只能有一个线程获取锁
demo:
#include "stdio.h"
#include "pthread.h"
/
*int pthread_create(pthread_t *restrict tidp, const pthread_attr_t *restrict attr, void *(*start_rtn)(void *), void *restrict arg);
// 返回:若成功返回0,否则返回错误编号
*/
int g_data=0;
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
void *func1(void *arg)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
printf("t1:%ld thread is create\n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());
printf("t1:param is %d\n",*((int *)arg));
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}
void *func2(void *arg)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
printf("t2:%ld thread is create\n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());
printf("t2:param is %d\n",*((int *)arg));
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
}
int main()
{
int ret;
int param=100;
pthread_t t1;
pthread_t t2;
pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL);
ret=pthread_create(&t1,NULL,func1,(void *)¶m);
if(ret==0){
printf("main:create t1 success\n");
}
ret=pthread_create(&t2,NULL,func2,(void *)¶m);
if(ret==0){
printf("main:create t2 success\n");
}
printf("main:%ld\n",(unsigned long)pthread_self());
pthread_join(t1,NULL);
pthread_join(t2,NULL);
pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
return 0;
}