void read(int &x) {
int f = 1;
x = 0;
char op = getchar();
while(op < '0' || op > '9') {
if(op == '-') f = -1;
op = getchar();
}
while(op >= '0' && op <= '9') {
x = x * 10 + op - '0';
op = getchar();
}
x *= f;
}
void print(int x) {
if(x < 0) putchar('-'), x = -x;
if(x > 9) print(x / 10);
putchar(x % 10 + '0');
}