k8s bashboard安装文件

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mnasd

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-23 00:30:00 发布

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kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
[root@etcd-host1 ~]# cat 1.yaml 
# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Configuration to deploy release version of the Dashboard UI compatible with
# Kubernetes 1.8.
#
# Example usage: kubectl create -f <this_file>

# ------------------- Dashboard Secret ------------------- #

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service Account ------------------- #

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Role & Role Binding ------------------- #

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder' secret.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to create 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  verbs: ["create"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs"]
  verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["configmaps"]
  resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
  verbs: ["get", "update"]
  # Allow Dashboard to get metrics from heapster.
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster"]
  verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["services/proxy"]
  resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:"]
  verbs: ["get"]

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Deployment ------------------- #

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.3
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8443
          protocol: TCP
        args:
          - --auto-generate-certificates
          # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
          # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
          # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
          # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
        volumeMounts:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          mountPath: /certs
          # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
        - mountPath: /tmp
          name: tmp-volume
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            scheme: HTTPS
            path: /
            port: 8443
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        secret:
          secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
      - name: tmp-volume
        emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule

---
# ------------------- Dashboard Service ------------------- #

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  type: NodePort    
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

09-2.部署 dashboard 插件

修改配置文件

将下载的 kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 解压后，再解压其中的 kubernetes-src.tar.gz 文件。

dashboard 对应的目录是：cluster/addons/dashboard。

$ pwd
/opt/k8s/kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard

$ cp dashboard-controller.yaml{,.orig}

$ diff dashboard-controller.yaml{,.orig}
33c33
<         image: siriuszg/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.3
---
>         image: k8s.gcr.io/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.8.3

$ cp dashboard-service.yaml{,.orig}

$ diff dashboard-service.yaml.orig dashboard-service.yaml
10a11
>   type: NodePort

指定端口类型为 NodePort，这样外界可以通过地址 nodeIP:nodePort 访问 dashboard；

执行所有定义文件

$ ls *.yaml
dashboard-configmap.yaml  dashboard-controller.yaml  dashboard-rbac.yaml  dashboard-secret.yaml  dashboard-service.yaml

$ kubectl create -f  .

查看分配的 NodePort

$ kubectl get deployment kubernetes-dashboard  -n kube-system
NAME                   DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   1         1         1            1           2m

$ kubectl --namespace kube-system get pods -o wide
NAME                                    READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP            NODE
coredns-77c989547b-6l6jr                1/1       Running   0          58m       172.30.39.3   kube-node3
coredns-77c989547b-d9lts                1/1       Running   0          58m       172.30.81.3   kube-node1
kubernetes-dashboard-65f7b4f486-wgc6j   1/1       Running   0          2m        172.30.81.5   kube-node1

$ kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME                   TYPE       CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   NodePort   10.254.96.204   <none>        443:8607/TCP   2m

NodePort 8607 映射到 dashboard pod 443 端口；

dashboard 的 --authentication-mode 支持 token、basic，默认为 token。如果使用 basic，则 kube-apiserver 必须配置 '--authorization-mode=ABAC' 和 '--basic-auth-file' 参数。

查看 dashboard 支持的命令行参数

$ kubectl exec --namespace kube-system -it kubernetes-dashboard-65f7b4f486-wgc6j -- /dashboard --help
2018/06/13 15:17:44 Starting overwatch
Usage of /dashboard:
--alsologtostderr log to standard error as well as files
--apiserver-host string The address of the Kubernetes Apiserver to connect to in the format of protocol://address:port, e.g., http://localhost:8080. If not specified, the assumption is that the binary runs inside a Kubernetes cluster and local discovery is attempted.
--authentication-mode stringSlice Enables authentication options that will be reflected on login screen. Supported values: token, basic. Default: token.Note that basic option should only be used if apiserver has '--authorization-mode=ABAC' and '--basic-auth-file' flags set. (default [token])
--auto-generate-certificates When set to true, Dashboard will automatically generate certificates used to serve HTTPS. Default: false.
--bind-address ip The IP address on which to serve the --secure-port (set to 0.0.0.0 for all interfaces). (default 0.0.0.0)
--default-cert-dir string Directory path containing '--tls-cert-file' and '--tls-key-file' files. Used also when auto-generating certificates flag is set. (default "/certs")
--disable-settings-authorizer When enabled, Dashboard settings page will not require user to be logged in and authorized to access settings page.
--enable-insecure-login When enabled, Dashboard login view will also be shown when Dashboard is not served over HTTPS. Default: false.
--heapster-host string The address of the Heapster Apiserver to connect to in the format of protocol://address:port, e.g., http://localhost:8082. If not specified, the assumption is that the binary runs inside a Kubernetes cluster and service proxy will be used.
--insecure-bind-address ip The IP address on which to serve the --port (set to 0.0.0.0 for all interfaces). (default 127.0.0.1)
--insecure-port int The port to listen to for incoming HTTP requests. (default 9090)
--kubeconfig string Path to kubeconfig file with authorization and master location information.
--log_backtrace_at traceLocation when logging hits line file:N, emit a stack trace (default :0)
--log_dir string If non-empty, write log files in this directory
--logtostderr log to standard error instead of files
--metric-client-check-period int Time in seconds that defines how often configured metric client health check should be run. Default: 30 seconds. (default 30)
--port int The secure port to listen to for incoming HTTPS requests. (default 8443)
--stderrthreshold severity logs at or above this threshold go to stderr (default 2)
--system-banner string When non-empty displays message to Dashboard users. Accepts simple HTML tags. Default: ''.
--system-banner-severity string Severity of system banner. Should be one of 'INFO|WARNING|ERROR'. Default: 'INFO'. (default "INFO")
--tls-cert-file string File containing the default x509 Certificate for HTTPS.
--tls-key-file string File containing the default x509 private key matching --tls-cert-file.
--token-ttl int Expiration time (in seconds) of JWE tokens generated by dashboard. Default: 15 min. 0 - never expires (default 900)
-v, --v Level log level for V logs
--vmodule moduleSpec comma-separated list of pattern=N settings for file-filtered logging
command terminated with exit code 2
$

访问 dashboard

为了集群安全，从 1.7 开始，dashboard 只允许通过 https 访问，如果使用 kube proxy 则必须监听 localhost 或 127.0.0.1，对于 NodePort 没有这个限制，但是仅建议在开发环境中使用。

对于不满足这些条件的登录访问，在登录成功后浏览器不跳转，始终停在登录界面。

参考： https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/wiki/Accessing-Dashboard---1.7.X-and-above https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/issues/2540

kubernetes-dashboard 服务暴露了 NodePort，可以使用 https://NodeIP:NodePort 地址访问 dashboard；
通过 kube-apiserver 访问 dashboard；
通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard：

如果使用了 VirtualBox，需要启用 VirtualBox 的 ForworadPort 功能将虚机监听的端口和 Host 的本地端口绑定。

可以在 Vagrant 的配置中指定这些端口转发规则，对于正在运行的虚机，也可以通过 VirtualBox 的界面进行配置：

通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard

启动代理：

$ kubectl proxy --address='localhost' --port=8086 --accept-hosts='^*$'
Starting to serve on 127.0.0.1:8086

--address 必须为 localhost 或 127.0.0.1；
需要指定 --accept-hosts 选项，否则浏览器访问 dashboard 页面时提示 “Unauthorized”；

浏览器访问 URL：http://127.0.0.1:8086/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy

通过 kube-apiserver 访问 dashboard

获取集群服务地址列表：

$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://172.27.129.105:6443
CoreDNS is running at https://172.27.129.105:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/coredns:dns/proxy
kubernetes-dashboard is running at https://172.27.129.105:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy

To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.

必须通过 kube-apiserver 的安全端口(https)访问 dashbaord，访问时浏览器需要使用自定义证书，否则会被 kube-apiserver 拒绝访问。

创建和导入自定义证书的步骤，参考：A.浏览器访问kube-apiserver安全端口

浏览器访问 URL：https://172.27.129.105:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/ 对于 virtuabox 做了端口映射： http://127.0.0.1:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:kubernetes-dashboard:/proxy/

创建登录 Dashboard 的 token 和 kubeconfig 配置文件

上面提到，Dashboard 默认只支持 token 认证，所以如果使用 KubeConfig 文件，需要在该文件中指定 token，不支持使用 client 证书认证。

创建登录 token

kubectl create sa dashboard-admin -n kube-system
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin
ADMIN_SECRET=$(kubectl get secrets -n kube-system | grep dashboard-admin | awk '{print $1}')
DASHBOARD_LOGIN_TOKEN=$(kubectl describe secret -n kube-system ${ADMIN_SECRET} | grep -E '^token' | awk '{print $2}')
echo ${DASHBOARD_LOGIN_TOKEN}

使用输出的 token 登录 Dashboard。

创建使用 token 的 KubeConfig 文件

source /opt/k8s/bin/environment.sh
# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=dashboard.kubeconfig

# 设置客户端认证参数，使用上面创建的 Token
kubectl config set-credentials dashboard_user \
  --token=${DASHBOARD_LOGIN_TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=dashboard.kubeconfig

# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=dashboard_user \
  --kubeconfig=dashboard.kubeconfig

# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=dashboard.kubeconfig

用生成的 dashboard.kubeconfig 登录 Dashboard。