在J2ME中基于UDP协议编程

最新推荐文章于 2019-03-25 21:30:06 发布

mobilechannel

最新推荐文章于 2019-03-25 21:30:06 发布

阅读量721

点赞数

分类专栏： J2ME专区文章标签： j2me 编程 import command server string

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/mobilechannel/article/details/540863

版权

J2ME专区专栏收录该内容

294 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

作者：mingjava 文章来源：http://www.j2medev.com/Article/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=129

在GCF中提供了DatagramConnection和Datagram两个接口，借助他们我们可以在J2ME中基于UDP协议开发联网应用程序，在MIDP2.0中，添加了UDPDatagramConnection这个接口。他扩展了DatagramConnection并添加了两个方法getLocalAddress()和getLocalPort()。我们知道UDP服务是不可靠的，如果你希望开发更可靠的联网应用的话可以采用SocketConnection，因为TCP服务是面向连接且可靠的。我们还必须清楚地一点是以上所说的各种连接方式都不是MIDP规范中规定必须实现的。因此在使用之前请参考特定设备的开发文档。MIDP中只有Http连接是必须支持的。

同样，我们要获得DatagramConnection的话，必须通过Connector的open方法，其中的URL应该满足如下的形式。

datagram://localhost:5555 这样的话表示建立了一个客户端模式的连接。在指定ip:localhost和指定端口:5555
datagram://:5555 这样建立的是一个服务器端模式的连接，在本地的5555端口。

建立连接后，我们可以通过DatagramConnection的newDatagram()方法构造一个Datagram，然后调用DatagramConnection的send()方法。这样数据报将会发送到指定的接受方。例如你可以构建这个一个负责发送数据的Sender类。

package com.siemens.datagramtest;

import javax.microedition.io.Datagram;
import javax.microedition.io.DatagramConnection;

public class Sender extends Thread
{

private DatagramConnection dc;

private String address;

private String message;

    public Sender(DatagramConnection dc)
    {
        this.dc = dc;
        start();
    }

    public synchronized void send(String addr, String msg)
    {
        address = addr;
        message = msg;
        notify();
    }

public synchronized void run()
{

while (true)
{

            // If no client to deal, wait until one connects
            if (message == null)
            {
                try
                {
                    wait();
                } catch (InterruptedException e)
                {
                }
            }

            try
            {
                byte[] bytes = message.getBytes();
                Datagram dg = null;
                // Are we a sender thread for the client ? If so then there's
                // no address parameter
                if (address == null)
                {
                    dg = dc.newDatagram(bytes, bytes.length);
                } else
                {
                    dg = dc.newDatagram(bytes, bytes.length, address);
                    System.out.println(address);
                }
                dc.send(dg);
            } catch (Exception ioe)
            {
                ioe.printStackTrace();
            }

            // Completed client handling, return handler to pool and
            // mark for wait
            message = null;
        }
    }

}
注意联网的时候我们应该在另外一个线程中而不是在主线程中。

服务器端的目的就是启动后监听指定的端口，当客户端连接过来后接受数据并记录下客户端的地址，以便服务器端向客户端发送数据。
package com.siemens.datagramtest;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.microedition.io.Connector;
import javax.microedition.io.Datagram;
import javax.microedition.io.DatagramConnection;
import javax.microedition.io.UDPDatagramConnection;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Alert;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.AlertType;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Command;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.CommandListener;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Display;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Displayable;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Form;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.StringItem;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.TextField;

public class Server implements Runnable, CommandListener
{

private DatagramMIDlet parent;

private Display display;

private Form f;

private StringItem si;

private TextField tf;

private Command sendCommand = new Command("Send", Command.ITEM, 1);

Sender sender;

private String address;

    public Server(DatagramMIDlet m)
    {
        parent = m;
        display = Display.getDisplay(parent);
        f = new Form("Datagram Server");
        si = new StringItem("Status:", " ");
        tf = new TextField("Send:", "", 30, TextField.ANY);
        f.append(si);
        f.append(tf);
        f.addCommand(sendCommand);
        f.setCommandListener(this);
        display.setCurrent(f);
    }

public void start()
{

        Thread t = new Thread(this);
        t.start();
    }

    public void run()
    {
        try
        {

            si.setText("Waiting for connection");
            DatagramConnection dc =(DatagramConnection)Connector.open("datagram://:5555");

sender = new Sender(dc);

            while (true)
            {
                Datagram dg = dc.newDatagram(100);
                dc.receive(dg);
                address = dg.getAddress();
                si.setText("Message received - "
                        + new String(dg.getData(), 0, dg.getLength()));

            }

        } catch (IOException ioe)
        {
            Alert a = new Alert("Server", "Port 5000 is already taken.", null,
                    AlertType.ERROR);
            a.setTimeout(Alert.FOREVER);
            a.setCommandListener(this);
            display.setCurrent(a);
        } catch (Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s)
    {
        if (c == sendCommand && !parent.isPaused())
        {
            if (address == null)
            {
                si.setText("No destination address");
            } else
            {
                sender.send(address, tf.getString());
            }
        }
        if (c == Alert.DISMISS_COMMAND)
        {
            parent.destroyApp(true);
            parent.notifyDestroyed();
        }
    }

    public void stop()
    {
    }

}

客户端代码则是建立连接后向服务器端发送数据，并等待接受服务器返回的数据。
package com.siemens.datagramtest;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.microedition.io.ConnectionNotFoundException;
import javax.microedition.io.Connector;
import javax.microedition.io.Datagram;
import javax.microedition.io.DatagramConnection;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Alert;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.AlertType;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Command;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.CommandListener;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Display;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Displayable;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Form;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.StringItem;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.TextField;

public class Client implements Runnable, CommandListener
{

private DatagramMIDlet parent;

private Display display;

private Form f;

private StringItem si;

private TextField tf;

private Command sendCommand = new Command("Send", Command.ITEM, 1);

Sender sender;

    public Client(DatagramMIDlet m)
    {
        parent = m;
        display = Display.getDisplay(parent);
        f = new Form("Datagram Client");
        si = new StringItem("Status:", " ");
        tf = new TextField("Send:", "", 30, TextField.ANY);
        f.append(si);
        f.append(tf);
        f.addCommand(sendCommand);
        f.setCommandListener(this);
        display.setCurrent(f);

}

    public void start()
    {
        Thread t = new Thread(this);
        t.start();
    }

    public void run()
    {
        try
        {

            DatagramConnection dc = (DatagramConnection) Connector
                    .open("datagram://localhost:5555");

si.setText("Connected to server");

sender = new Sender(dc);

            while (true)
            {
                Datagram dg = dc.newDatagram(100);
                dc.receive(dg);
                // Have we actually received something or is this just a timeout
                // ?
                if (dg.getLength() > 0)
                {
                    si.setText("Message received - "
                            + new String(dg.getData(), 0, dg.getLength()));
                }
            }

        } catch (ConnectionNotFoundException cnfe)
        {
            Alert a = new Alert("Client", "Please run Server MIDlet first",
                    null, AlertType.ERROR);
            a.setTimeout(Alert.FOREVER);
            display.setCurrent(a);
        } catch (IOException ioe)
        {
            ioe.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s)
    {
        if (c == sendCommand && !parent.isPaused())
        {
            sender.send(null, tf.getString());
        }
    }

    public void stop()
    {
    }

}
本文的代码取自WTK demo中的例子，您可以参考demo中的源代码！下面给出MIDlet的代码
package com.siemens.datagramtest;

import javax.microedition.lcdui.Choice;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.ChoiceGroup;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Command;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.CommandListener;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Display;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Displayable;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.Form;
import javax.microedition.midlet.MIDlet;

public class DatagramMIDlet extends MIDlet implements CommandListener
{

private static final String SERVER = "Server";

private static final String CLIENT = "Client";

private static final String[] names = { SERVER, CLIENT };

private static Display display;

private Form f;

ChoiceGroup cg;

private boolean isPaused;

private Command exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1);

private Command startCommand = new Command("Start", Command.ITEM, 1);

    public DatagramMIDlet()
    {
        display = Display.getDisplay(this);
        f = new Form("Datagram Demo");
        cg = new ChoiceGroup("Please select peer", Choice.EXCLUSIVE, names,
                null);
        f.append(cg);

        f.addCommand(exitCommand);
        f.addCommand(startCommand);
        f.setCommandListener(this);

display.setCurrent(f);
}

    public static Display getDisplay()
    {
        return display;
    }

    public boolean isPaused()
    {
        return isPaused;
    }

    public void startApp()
    {
        isPaused = false;
    }

    public void pauseApp()
    {
        isPaused = true;
    }

    public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional)
    {
    }

    public void commandAction(Command c, Displayable s)
    {
        if (c == exitCommand)
        {
            destroyApp(true);
            notifyDestroyed();
        } else if (c == startCommand)
        {
            String name = cg.getString(cg.getSelectedIndex());
            if (name.equals(SERVER))
            {
                Server server = new Server(this);
                server.start();
            } else
            {
                Client client = new Client(this);
                client.start();
            }
        }
    }