ArcGIS Engine开发（1）

适合新入门小白查看，花了1周时间理解ArcGIS Engine内部工作空间、要素工作空间、要素类、要素等关系，还有GDB、MDB、Shapefile的读取与写入。

一、要素的类型 esriFeatureType

//pFeatureClass为IFeatureClass对象，获取要素类型
esriFeatureType type = pFeatureClass.FeatureType;
public enum esriFeatureType
    {
        esriFTSimple = 1,
        esriFTSimpleJunction = 7,
        esriFTSimpleEdge = 8,
        esriFTComplexJunction = 9,
        esriFTComplexEdge = 10,
        esriFTAnnotation = 11,
        esriFTCoverageAnnotation = 12,
        esriFTDimension = 13,
        esriFTRasterCatalogItem = 14
}

Constant	Value	Description
esriFTSimple	1	Simple Feature.简单要素。
esriFTSimpleJunction	7	Simple Junction Feature.简单的接线功能。
esriFTSimpleEdge	8	Simple Edge Feature.简单的边缘特征。
esriFTComplexJunction	9	Complex Junction Feature.复杂的接线功能。
esriFTComplexEdge	10	Complex Edge Feature.复杂的边缘特征。
esriFTAnnotation	11	Annotation Feature.注释功能。
esriFTCoverageAnnotation	12	Coverage Annotation Feature.覆盖注释功能。
esriFTDimension	13	Dimension Feature.维特征。
esriFTRasterCatalogItem	14	Raster Catalog Item.栅格目录项。

二、esriFeatureType与esriGeometryType的区别与联系

1. esriFeatureType通常用来表示数据的存储结构，即物理层；
2. esriGeometryType通常用来表示数据的几何形状，即表现层。构成了图形的基本类型。

esriGeometryType枚举类型详解

Constant	Value	Description
esriGeometryNull	0	未知类型（Unknown）
esriGeometryPoint	1	点（Point）
esriGeometryMultipoint	2	多点（Multipoint）
esriGeometryLine	13	线段（Line）
esriGeometryCircularArc	14	圆弧（CircularArc）
esriGeometryEllipticArc	16	椭圆弧（EllipticArc）
esriGeometryBezier3Curve	15	贝兹曲线（BezierCurve）
esriGeometryPath	6	路径（Path）
esriGeometryPolyline	3	多段线（Polyline）
esriGeometryRing	11	环（Ring）
esriGeometryPolygon	4	多边形（Polygon）
esriGeometryEnvelope	5	外包（Envelope）
esriGeometryAny	7	任何类型（Any valid geometry）
esriGeometryBag	17	任意几何类型的集合（GeometryBag）
esriGeometryMultiPatch	9	表面几何（MultiPatch）
esriGeometryTriangleStrip	18	三角带（TriangleStrip）
esriGeometryTriangleFan	19	三角扇形（TriangleFan）
esriGeometryRay	20	射线（Ray）
esriGeometrySphere	21	球体（Sphere）
esriGeometryTriangles	22	三角形（Triangles）

看图：

三、Arcgis Engine 接口说明（转）

链接: 接口说明。

四、esriFieldType 要素字段类型

namespace ESRI.ArcGIS.Geodatabase
{
    [Guid("4CA2D959-5A38-11D2-AABD-00C04FA37585")]
    public enum esriFieldType
    {
        esriFieldTypeSmallInteger = 0,
        esriFieldTypeInteger = 1,
        esriFieldTypeSingle = 2,
        esriFieldTypeDouble = 3,
        esriFieldTypeString = 4,
        esriFieldTypeDate = 5,
        esriFieldTypeOID = 6,
        esriFieldTypeGeometry = 7,
        esriFieldTypeBlob = 8,
        esriFieldTypeRaster = 9,
        esriFieldTypeGUID = 10,
        esriFieldTypeGlobalID = 11,
        esriFieldTypeXML = 12
    }
}

五、读取FeatureClass的字段

FeatureClass中存储字段名称，Feature中存储字段值，字段值是每个Feature的属性。

   IFields fieldsSrc = pFeatureCls.Fields;
  string mf = "";
  string mf2 = "";
  for (int ii = 0; ii < fieldsSrc.FieldCount; ii++)
  {
      mf += fieldsSrc.Field[ii].Name + "\r\n";  //第几个参数
      mf2 += fieldsSrc.Field[ii].AliasName + "\r\n";  //第几个参数
  }

获取要素字段值
int cnt = pFeature.Fields.FieldCount;
  for (int ii = 0; ii < fieldsSrc.FieldCount; ii++)
  {
      textboxLogShow(pFeature.get_Value(ii).ToString());
  }

六、获取Feature的点集

1. 获取要素的图形

   IGeometry pGeo = pFeature.ShapeCopy;

• 点

IPoint ptSrc = pGeo as IPoint;
IPointCollection pc = pGeo as IPointCollection;

• 线:

pointCollection = new PolylineClass();
IPolyline polyline = pGeo as IPolyline;
pointCollection = polyline as IPointCollection;

• 面:
  Method 1：这种方法只适用于只有一个整面的面，即只有1个面，面内没有被挖去的部分，面外也没有其他的填充面，也就是说只有一个外部Ring。

IGeometry pGeo = pFeatureClass.ShapeCopy;
  pointCollection = pGeo as IPointCollection;
  //坐标转换
  for (int j2 = 0; j2 < pointCollection.PointCount; j2++)
  {
      ptSrc = new PointClass();
      pointCollection.QueryPoint(j2, ptSrc);
      /*
      Work!
      */
      pointCollection.UpdatePoint(j2, ptCal);
  }
  pGeo = ClsArcGIS.GetPolygonGeometry(pointCollection);
  pFeature.Shape = pGeo;

Method 2：面对象是一个有序Ring对象的集合，面中外部Ring方向是顺时针，内部Ring方向是逆时针，不存在面积为0的Ring.所以获取面对象坐标，就要获取面的内部和外部所有Ring对象即可。

//遍历找出面的内外部Ring:
  Dictionary<IRing, List<IRing>> dicRings = new Dictionary<IRing, List<IRing>>();
  IGeometry pShape = null;
  esriGeometryType pGeoType = pGeo.GeometryType;

  try
  {
      IPolygon4 polygon = pGeo as IPolygon4;
      //外环个数
      int exRingCount = polygon.ExteriorRingCount;
      IGeometryBag exteriorRings = polygon.ExteriorRingBag;

      //For each exterior rings find the interior rings associated with it 
      IEnumGeometry exteriorRingsEnum = exteriorRings as IEnumGeometry;
      exteriorRingsEnum.Reset();
      IRing currentExteriorRing = exteriorRingsEnum.Next() as IRing;
      
      while (currentExteriorRing != null)
      {
          if (!dicRings.ContainsKey(currentExteriorRing))
          {
    dicRings[currentExteriorRing] = new List<IRing>();
          }
          
          IGeometryBag interiorRings = polygon.get_InteriorRingBag(currentExteriorRing);
          IEnumGeometry interiorRingsEnum = interiorRings as IEnumGeometry;
          interiorRingsEnum.Reset();
          IRing currentInteriorRing = interiorRingsEnum.Next() as IRing;
          while (currentInteriorRing != null)
          {
    dicRings[currentExteriorRing].Add(currentInteriorRing);
    currentInteriorRing = interiorRingsEnum.Next() as IRing;
          }
          currentExteriorRing = exteriorRingsEnum.Next() as IRing;
      }

七、读取FeatureClass的字段

FeatureClass中存储字段名称，Feature中存储字段值，字段值是每个Feature的属性。

  IFields fieldsSrc = pFeatureCls.Fields;
  string mf = "";
  string mf2 = "";
  for (int ii = 0; ii < fieldsSrc.FieldCount; ii++)
  {
      mf += fieldsSrc.Field[ii].Name + "\r\n";  //第几个参数
      mf2 += fieldsSrc.Field[ii].AliasName + "\r\n";  //第几个参数
  }

//获取要素字段值
int cnt = pFeature.Fields.FieldCount;
  for (int ii = 0; ii < fieldsSrc.FieldCount; ii++)
  {
      textboxLogShow(pFeature.get_Value(ii).ToString());
  }

八、复制字段名称

Method 1：首先获取要素类的IFields字段集合，然后遍历字段，添加到新的IFields中。

 #region 获取属性字段 Method 1
 IGeometryDefEdit geomDefEdit = null;
 IFields pFields = pFeatCls.Fields;
 IFields pNewFields = new FieldsClass();
 IFieldsEdit pNewFieldsEdit = pNewFields as IFieldsEdit;

 //保证源要素类与新要素类的字段结构一致，但空间范围不一样，即自己手动设计Geometry字段
 for (int i = 0; i < pFields.FieldCount; i++)
 {
     pField = pFields.get_Field(i);
     if (pField.Type != esriFieldType.esriFieldTypeGeometry)
     {
         pNewFieldsEdit.AddField(pField);
     }
     else
     {
         pGeoField = pField;
         geomDefEdit = pGeoField.GeometryDef as IGeometryDefEdit;
         geomDefEdit.SpatialReference_2 = pSpatialReference;
         pNewFieldsEdit.AddField(pGeoField);
     }
 }
 #endregion

Method 2：通过字段检查对象IFieldChecker ，获得原有要素类的所有字段。

 #region 获取属性字段 Method 2
 //属性信息
 // 创建字段检查对象
 IWorkspace pTWorkspace = pWorkspace as IWorkspace;
 IFieldChecker pFieldChecker = new FieldCheckerClass();
 IEnumFieldError pEnumFieldError = null;
 IFields fieldsTar;
 pFieldChecker.ValidateWorkspace = pTWorkspace;
 pFieldChecker.Validate(pFeatCls.Fields, out pEnumFieldError, out fieldsTar);
 #endregion