Chapter 1 - 4. Introduction to Congestion in Storage Networks

Lossless Networks

Networks that use flow control between directly connected devices are called lossless Networks. This flow control results in applying backpressure to the directly connected sender to pace its traffic rate for avoiding buffer overrun on the receiver. By doing this traffic entering the network is equalized with the traffic exiting the network. 在直接连接的设备之间使用流量控制的网络被称为无损网络。这种流量控制的结果是对直接连接的发送方施加反向压力，加快其流量速率，以避免接收方缓冲区超限。这样，进入网络的流量就与流出网络的流量相等。

As Figure 1-4 scenario-1 shows, Switch-1 uses flow control to apply backpressure to slow down the ingress traffic from Target-1 to match the egress traffic rate (1 Gbps) to Host-1. Likewise, in scenario 2, Switch-1 applies backpressure to slow down the collective traffic rate from the three targets to match the egress traffic rate (10 Gbps) to Host-1. 如图 1-4 场景-1 所示，Switch-1 使用流量控制应用反向压力来降低目标-1 的入口流量，使其与主机-1 的出口流量速率（1 Gbps）相匹配。同样，在方案 2 中，Switch-1 应用反向压力来降低来自三个目标的总流量速率，使其与主机-1 的出口流量速率（10 Gbps）相匹配。

Figure 1-4 Flow control in Lossless Networks