2.1.2实例变量非线程安全

package cha02.execise02;

/**
 * Created by sunyifeng on 17/9/20.
 */
public class HasSelfPrivateNum {
    private int num = 0;

    public void addI(String username) {
        try {
            if (username.equals("a")) {
                num = 100;
                System.out.println("a set over:" + num);
                Thread.sleep(2000);
            } else {
                num = 200;
                System.out.println("b set over:" + num);
            }
            System.out.println(username + " num = " + num);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

package cha02.execise02;


/**
 * Created by sunyifeng on 17/9/20.
 */
public class ThreadA extends Thread {
    private HasSelfPrivateNum numRef;
    public ThreadA(HasSelfPrivateNum numRef){
        super();
        this.numRef = numRef;
    }

    @Override
    public void run(){
        super.run();
        numRef.addI("a");
    }
}

package cha02.execise02;

/**
 * Created by sunyifeng on 17/9/20.
 */
public class ThreadB extends Thread {
    private HasSelfPrivateNum numRef;
    public ThreadB(HasSelfPrivateNum numRef){
        super();
        this.numRef = numRef;
    }

    @Override
    public void run(){
        super.run();
        numRef.addI("b");
    }
}

package cha02.execise02;

/**
 * Created by sunyifeng on 17/9/20.
 */
public class Run {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HasSelfPrivateNum numRef = new HasSelfPrivateNum();
        //
        ThreadA threadA = new ThreadA(numRef);
        threadA.start();
        //
        ThreadB threadB = new ThreadB(numRef);
        threadB.start();
    }
}

运行结果：

a set over:100
b set over:200
b num = 200
a num = 200

程序分析：

1、多个线程访问一个对象的实例变量，则可能出现“脏读”（非线程安全）。

2、多个线程访问一个不同步的方法时，则可能出现“脏读”（非线程安全）。

在方法前，加入synchronized之后即可同步。

synchronized public void addI(String username) {
    try {
        if (username.equals("a")) {
            num = 100;
            System.out.println("a set over:" + num);
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } else {
            num = 200;
            System.out.println("b set over:" + num);
        }
        System.out.println(username + " num = " + num);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}