C/C++ 开源日志库log4cplus的编译和使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 22:03:35 发布

much0726

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-15 22:03:35 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/much0726/article/details/124894415

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开源项目在github上面，目前最新release版本是2.0.7

https://github.com/log4cplus/log4cplus

官网上一句话描述log4cplus：log4cplus是一个易于使用的C++17日志API，它提供了线程安全、灵活、以及多粒度控制日志管理和配置控制，是仿造Java log4j API编写的。

下载源码后解压，就可以进行编译了，编译前，有几个脚本选项需要说明下：

--enable-threads

开启线程功能，默认这个选项是开启的。所以，如果编译代码不加上线程库，就会报一对的线程函数不能找到的错误。关掉就使用脚本：

$ ../configure --enable-threads=no

如果开启线程支持就需要在编译的时候加上：

-l pthread

还有个选项在官网主页没有说明：

--enable-static

这个参数是编译静态库的选项，默认是没打开的，在linux下如果引用so库和a库各有优缺点，我更喜欢用静态库，因为我是用来开发服务器程序的日志，部署的时候就不需要再去安装和运行脚本和复制动态库了。

其他选项在configure文件下可以找到：

Optional Features:
--disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
--disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
--enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
--enable-silent-rules less verbose build output (undo: "make V=1")
--disable-silent-rules verbose build output (undo: "make V=0")
--disable-maintainer-mode
disable make rules and dependencies not useful (and
sometimes confusing) to the casual installer
--enable-dependency-tracking
do not reject slow dependency extractors
--disable-dependency-tracking
speeds up one-time build
--enable-debugging Turns off optimization and adds switches that
generate debugging information. [default=no]
--enable-warnings Use compiler warnings option, e.g. -Wall.
[default=yes]
--enable-so-version Use libtool -version-info option. [default=yes]
--enable-implicit-initialization
Initialize log4cplus implicitly. [default=yes]
--enable-thread-pool Instantiate internal thread pool for when
AsyncAppend=true. [default=yes]
--enable-release-version
Use libtool -release option. [default=yes]
--enable-symbols-visibility-options
Use platform and compiler specific symbols
visibility options, where they are available.
[default=yes]
--enable-unit-tests Enable unit tests [default=no]
--enable-lto Enable LTO build [default=no]
--enable-profiling Compile with profiling compiler options.
[default=no]
--enable-threads Create multi-threaded variant [default=yes]
--enable-static[=PKGS] build static libraries [default=no]
--enable-shared[=PKGS] build shared libraries [default=yes]
--enable-fast-install[=PKGS]
optimize for fast installation [default=yes]
--disable-libtool-lock avoid locking (might break parallel builds)

配置结束后再使用

$ make
$ make install

编译出库文件在makefile中添加：

-L./lib -llog4cplus

就能把库文件链接到工程里面了。

log4cplus提供了一些test工程，方便理解和使用，就几个比较好用的示例，比如：

patternlayout_test

log4cplus::tstring pattern = LOG4CPLUS_TEXT("%d{%m/%d/%y %H:%M:%S,%Q} [%t] %-5p %c{2} %%%x%% - %X{key} - %m [%l]%n");
        
append_1->setLayout( std::unique_ptr<Layout>(new PatternLayout(pattern)) );
Logger::getRoot().addAppender(append_1);

这段演示了怎么让打印的格式带时间戳，还有很多其他的pantern格式，可以在文档里面查询。

fileappender_test

    SharedFileAppenderPtr append_1(
        new RollingFileAppender(LOG4CPLUS_TEXT("ab/c/d/Test.log"), 5*1024, 5,
            false, true));//最大5M,最多生成5个文件

RollingFileAppender类的原型如下：

RollingFileAppender::RollingFileAppender(const tstring& filename_,
    long maxFileSize_, int maxBackupIndex_, bool immediateFlush_,
    bool createDirs_)
    : FileAppender(filename_, std::ios_base::app, immediateFlush_, createDirs_)
{
    init(maxFileSize_, maxBackupIndex_);
}

在test代码中，第一行可以看到这代码：

log4cplus::Initializer initializer;

官网是这样解释的：

log4cplus uses C++11 thread and synchronization facilities. The synchronization facilities are implemented in Visual Studio C++ standard library in a way that utilizes global variables. Therefore it is impossible (due to "static initialization order fiasco") to use them outside main(). This issue manifests as a deadlock on exit during destruction of log4cplus' thread pool.

To overcome this limitation,

always use log4cplus::Initializer initializer; as the first thing in main();

never try to log from static/global objects constructors;

never try to log from static/global object destructors.