离散系统极零点分析
极零点性质
1. 极点在单位圆上,系统冲激响应等幅振荡;在单位圆内,系统冲激响应随着频率增大收敛;在单位圆外,系统冲激响应随着频率增大发散
2. 零点越靠近极点,单位脉冲响应的变化越缓慢,零点对极点有抵消作用
zplane(z,p)
H 1 ( z ) = z z − 0.85 , H 2 ( z ) = z z − 1 , H 3 = z z − 1.5 H_1(z)=\frac{z}{z-0.85},H_2(z)=\frac{z}{z-1},H_3=\frac{z}{z-1.5} H1(z)=z−0.85z,H2(z)=z−1z,H3=z−1.5z
% (1)
z1 = [0]';p1 = [0.85]';k1=1;
[b1,a1] = zp2tf(z1,p1,k1);
figure('color','w');
subplot(321)
zplane(z1,p1);
subplot(322)
impz(b1,a1,20);
z2 = [0]';p2 = [1]';k2 = 1;
[b2,a2] = zp2tf(z2,p2,k2);
subplot(323)
zplane(z2,p2);
subplot(324)
impz(b2,a2,20);
z3 = [0]';p3 = [1.5]';k3 = 1;
[b3,a3] = zp2tf(z3,p3,k3);
subplot(325)
zplane(z3,p3);
subplot(326)
impz(b3,a3,20);
H 1 ( z ) = z z + 0.85 , H 2 ( z ) = z z + 1 , H 3 = z z + 1.5 H_1(z)=\frac{z}{z+0.85},H_2(z)=\frac{z}{z+1},H_3=\frac{z}{z+1.5} H1(z)=z+0.85z,H2(z)=z+1z,H3=z+1.5z
% (2)
z1 = [0]';p1 = [-0.85]';k1 = 1;
[b1,a1] = zp2tf(z1,p1,k1);
figure('color','w');
subplot(321)
zplane(z1,p1);
subplot(322)
impz(b1,a1,20);
z2 = [0]';p2 = [-1]';k2 = 1;
[b2,a2] = zp2tf(z2,p2,k2);
subplot(323)
zplane(z2,p2);
subplot(324)
impz(b2,a2,20);
z3 = [0]';p3 = [-1.5]';k3 = 1;
[b3,a3] = zp2tf(z3,p3,k3);
subplot(325)
zplane(z3,p3);
subplot(326)
impz(b3,a3,20);
H 1 ( z ) = z ( z − 0.3 ) ( z − 0.5 − 0.7 j ) ( z − 0.5 + 0.7 j ) , H 2 ( z ) = z ( z − 0.3 ) ( z − 0.6 − 0.8 j ) ( z − 0.6 + 0.8 j ) , H 3 = z ( z − 0.3 ) ( z − 1 − 1 j ) ( z − 1 + 1 j ) H_1(z)=\frac{z(z-0.3)}{(z-0.5-0.7j)(z-0.5+0.7j)},H_2(z)=\frac{z(z-0.3)}{(z-0.6-0.8j)(z-0.6+0.8j)},H_3=\frac{z(z-0.3)}{(z-1-1j)(z-1+1j)} H1(z)=(z−0.5−0.7j)(z−0.5+0.7j)z(z−0.3),H2(z)=(z−0.6−0.8j)(z−0.6+0.8j)z(z−0.3),H3=(z−1−1j)(z−1+1j)z(z−0.3)
% (3)
clear;
figure('Color','w');
z1 = [0.3,0]';p1 = [0.5+0.7j,0.5-0.7j]';k1 = 1;
[b1,a1] = zp2tf(z1,p1,k1);
subplot(321)
zplane(z1,p1);
subplot(322)
impz(b1,a1,20);
z2 = [0,0.3]';p2 = [0.6+0.8j,0.6-0.8j]';k2 = 1;
[b2,a2] = zp2tf(z2,p2,k2);
subplot(323)
zplane(z2,p2);
subplot(324)
impz(b2,a2,20);
z3 = [0,0.3]';p3 = [1+1j,1-1j]';k3 = 1;
[b3,a3] = zp2tf(z3,p3,k3);
subplot(325)
zplane(z3,p3);
subplot(326)
impz(b3,a3,20);
H ( z ) = 0.2 + 0.1 z − 1 + 0.3 z − 2 + 0.1 z − 3 + 0.2 z − 4 1 − 1.1 z − 1 + 1.5 z − 2 − 0.7 z − 3 + 0.3 z − 4 H(z)=\frac{0.2+0.1z^{-1}+0.3z^{-2}+0.1z^{-3}+0.2z^{-4}}{1-1.1z^{-1}+1.5z^{-2}-0.7z^{-3}+0.3z^{-4}} H(z)=1−1.1z−1+1.5z−2−0.7z−3+0.3z−40.2+0.1z−1+0.3z−2+0.1z−3+0.2z−4
roots()
b = [0.2 , 0.1 , 0.3 , 0.1 , 0.2];
a = [1 , -1.1 , 1.5 , -0.7 , 0.3];
[z,p,k] = tf2zp(b,a);
figure('color','w');
subplot(121)
zplane(z,p);title('使用模型转换');
subplot(222)
rz = roots(b);
rp = roots(a);
subplot(122)
zplane(rz,rp);title('使用roots()');