离散傅里叶变换

$$\{\begin{array}{l}\tilde{X}(k)=\text{DFS}[\tilde{x}(n)]=\sum _{n=0}^{N-1}\tilde{x}(n)e^{-j\frac{2\pi }{N}kn}k=0,1,...,N-1\\ \tilde{x}(n)=\text{IDFS}[\tilde{X}(k)]=\frac{1}{N}\sum _{n=0}^{N-1}\tilde{X}(k)e^{j\frac{2\pi }{N}kn}n=0,1,...,N-1\end{array}$$

自定义dfs()

function [Xk] = dfs(xn)
    % 离散傅里叶级数变换
    % Xk:离散傅里叶级数
    % xn:待变换序列
    % N:序列变换长度
    N = length(xn);
    n = 0:N-1;
    k = 0:N-1;
    nk = n'*k;
    Wn = exp(-1j*2*pi/N);
    Xk = xn*Wn.^nk;
end

自定义idfs()

function [xn] = idfs(Xk)
    % 离散傅里叶级数逆变换
    % Xk:离散傅里叶级数
    % xn:待变换序列
    % N:序列变换长度
    N = length(Xk);
    n = 0:N-1;
    k = 0:N-1;
    Wn = exp(1j*2*pi/N);
    nk = n'*k;
    xn = (Xk*Wn.^nk)/N;
end

例子：

clear;
xn = [7, 5, 6, 4, 3, 2];
N =length(xn);
n = 0:N-1;
k = 0:N-1;
Xk = dfs(xn);
xn_return = idfs(Xk);

figure('color', 'w');
subplot(221)
stem(n,xn, 'filled');
title('原始序列 xn');
subplot(222)
stem(n,abs(xn_return), 'filled');
title('逆变换后的序列 xn\_return');
subplot(223)
stem(k,abs(Xk), 'filled');
title('离散傅里叶级数 |Xk|');
subplot(224)
stem(k,angle(Xk), 'filled');
title('离散傅里叶级数 ∠Xk');