英二-2020-Text 4 摘自新闻周刊《Newsweek》2019年6月的文章《Gen Zs are Anxious, Entrepreneurial and Determined to Avoid Their Predecessor’s Mistakes》。
以下为个人解析,非官方公开标准资料,可能有误,仅供参考。(单词解释仅摘出部分词性和意思)
Paragraph 1
-
Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring — the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after 1995, give or take a year — the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks.
- 翻译:如今,Z世代在这个春天就要大学毕业 —— 出生于1995年之后,相差不到一年,是对这一代人最普遍接受的定义—— 近几周,对Z世代的关注已经在稳步上升了。
- 解释:
member
n.
成员generation
n.
代,一代人commonly-accepted
广泛地接受的definition
n.
定义give or take
加上或减去,是一个俚语,常用于描述某个事件或事物发生的时间范围,强调对某个数值或时间的灵活性和不确定性。attention
n.
关注、注意steadily
adv.
稳定地,steady
adj.
稳定的
-
Gen Zs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that’s tighter than it’s been in decades.
- 翻译:Z世代们即将走上街头,在一个比几十年来更紧张的劳动力市场中找工作。
- 解释:
about
adj.
即将(做…)的look for
寻找,找labor market
劳动力市场tighter
adj.
比较级:更紧的,更紧身的,原形tight
adj.
紧的decades
n.
几十年(复数,原形decade
)
-
And employers are planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S. this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers.
- 翻译:与此同时,根据国家大学和雇主协会的一项调查显示,今年美国雇主们计划比去年多雇佣17%的应届生。
- 解释:
employer
n.
雇主,雇佣的那个人,而不是被雇佣的人!plan on
计划做…hire
v.
雇佣graduate
n.
毕业生according to
根据survey
n.
调查conducted by
由…执行的national
adj.
国家的、全国的association
n.
协会college
n.
大学
-
Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.
- 翻译:每人都想要知道将要居住在那些空置的办公小房间的人,和在他们之前来过的人有何不同。
- 解释:
inhabit
v.
居住在cubicle
n.
小房间- Everybody wants to know how the people (…) will differ from [those who came before them].
36) Generation Zs graduating college this spring ___.
译:Z世代这个春天大学毕业___。
[A] are recoginized for their abilities
译:正在认识他们的能力
[B] are in favor of office job offers
译:喜欢办公室工作
[C] are optimistic about the labor market
译:对劳动力市场抱乐观积极的态度
[D] are drawing growing public attention
译:越来越受到公众关注(drawing
吸引,growing
成长的、增长的)
Paragraph 2
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If “entitled” is the most common adjective, fairly or not, applied to millennials (those born between 1981 and 1995), the catchwords for Generation Z are practical and cautious.
- 翻译:如果"有资格的"(自以为有权利的)是最普遍的形容词,不论公正与否,用来形容千禧一代(那些出身于1981到1995年的人),那么形容Z世代的流行语就是现实且谨慎的。
- 解释:
entitled
adj.
有资格的fairly
adv.
相当地、公正地apply
v.
应用,申请millennials
n.
千禧一代,millennial
adj.
千禧的、千福年的,这个词超纲了,所以后面用括号补充了其解释,这种情况大概率与出题有关。catchwords
n.
流行语practical
adj.
实际的、现实的cautious
adj.
小心的、谨慎的- 这句话传达了对不同年代人群个性特点的对比。千禧一代被看作是自以为有权利的,而Z世代被认为更加实际和谨慎。这是一种对两个不同年代人群的主观描述,并不适用于每个人。
-
According to the career counselors and experts who study them, Generation Zs are cleareyed, economic pragmatists.
- 翻译:据研究他们的职业生涯顾问和专家反馈,Z世代不仅眼睛雪亮,而且是经济务实主义者。
- 解释:
career
n.
职业生涯counselor
n.
顾问。原形counsel
v.
建议、提供咨询;n.
忠告、建议、法顾、律师。expert
n.
专家cleareyed
adj.
清醒的眼睛economic
adj.
经济的、经济学的、经济上的pragmatist
n.
实用主义者,pragmatic
adj.
实用的、务实的
-
Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years, Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like.
- 翻译:尽管毕业于50年来最好的经济时代,Z世代也知道经济危机是什么样。
- 解释:
despite
prep.
尽管economic
adj.
经济的train
n.
列车、火车wreck
n.
沉船、失事、破坏
-
They were impressionable kids during the crash of 2008, when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both.
- 翻译:他们在2008年的经济崩溃期间还是易受影响的孩子,当时他们的父母中有许多人失去了工作,或者失去了他们的积蓄,或者两者皆有。
- 解释:
impressionable
adj.
易受影响的,impress
n./v.
印象/留下印象,impression
n.
印象,impressive
adj.
令人印象深刻的crash
n.
破裂life savings
毕生积蓄、存款
-
They aren’t interested in taking any chances.
- 翻译:他们对冒险不感兴趣。
- 解释:
chance
n.
机会、风险、冒险
-
The booming economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense of anxious urgency, especially for those who have college debt.
- 翻译:激增的经济看上去并不能缓解这一代人潜在的焦虑紧迫感,尤其是那些有大学贷款的人。
- 解释:
booming
adj.
激增的assuage
v.
缓和anxious
adj.
焦虑的urgency
n.
紧迫性debt
n.
债务
-
College loan balances in the U,S. now stand at a record $ 1.5 trillion, according to the Federal Reserve.
- 翻译:根据美联储的数据,现在美国的大学贷款余额维持在1.5万亿的记录。
- 解释:
loan
n.
贷款balance
n.
余额the Federal Reserve
美联储,federal
adj.
联邦的,reserve
n.
储备金
37) Generation Zs are keenly aware ___.
译:Z世代敏锐地意识到?
[A] what a tough economic situation is like
译:经济形势有多严峻
[B] what their parents expect of them
译:父母对他们的期望
[C] how they differ from past generations
译:他们与过去几代人有多么的不同
[D] how valuable a counselor’s advice is
译:顾问的建议多么有价值
38) The word “assuage”(Para.2) is closest in meaning to ___.
译:第二段的单词 assuage
的意思与哪项最接近?
[A] define 定义
[B] relieve 减轻、缓解
[C] maintain 保持、维持
[D] deepen 加深、深化
Paragraph 3
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One survey from Accenture found that 88 percent of graduating seniors this year chose their major with a job in mind.
- 翻译:来自Accenture公司的一项调查发现,今年88%的毕业生倾向于选择与他们的专业相符的工作。
- 解释:
survey
n.
调查percent
n.
百分senior
n.
高级的,毕业班学生major
n.
专业,主修课;v.
主修、专攻;adj.
主要的、主修的in mind
在心里、在想法中
-
In a 2019 survey of University of Georgia students, meanwhile, the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment ( followed by professional development and training, and then inspiring purpose).
- 翻译:与此同时,一份来自佐治亚州大学生的调查,职业生涯办发现(学生们)对未来雇主最向往的特质是提供安全就业的能力(其次是专业发展和培训,然后是令人振幅的目标)。
- 解释:
meanwhile
adv.
同时、与此同时career
n.
职业生涯office
n.
办公室desirable
adj.
可取的、向往的trait
n.
特质、个人个性的特征in a future employer
在未来的雇主身上offer
v.
提供secure
adj.
安全的、可靠的、牢靠的employment
n.
工作、就业、就业率followed by
其次professional
adj.
专业的、职业的development
n.
发展、开发training
n.
训练、培训、锻炼inspiring
adj.
令人激动的、鼓舞人心的,inspire
v.
激励、鼓舞purpose
n.
目的、企图、目标
-
Job security or stability was the second most important career goal (work-life balance was number one), followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the greater good.
- 翻译:工作岗位的安全或稳定是第二重要的职业目标(工作与生活的平衡排在首位),其次是对事业的专注感或者提供更多利益的良好感受。
- 解释:
security
n.
安全、牢靠、安全性stability
n.
稳定、稳定性career
n.
职业、职业生涯goal
n.
目标dedicated
adj.
专注的followed by
然后、其次serve
v.
服务、提供、接待
39) It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that Generation Zs ___.
译:从第三段可以知道Z世代们?
[A] care little about their job performance
译:不怎么关系他们的工作表现
[B] give top priority to professional training
译:对于专业培训给了最高的优先级
[C] think it hard to achieve work-life balance
译:认为很难取得工作生活平衡
[D] have a clear idea about their future jobs
译:有对他们未来的工作有一个清晰的主意
Paragraph 4
-
That’s a big change from the previous generation.
- 翻译:相较于上一代人,那是一个巨大的改变。
- 解释:
previous
adj.
前面的
-
“Millennials wanted more flexibility in their lives,” notes Tanya Michelsen, Associate Director of YouthSight, a UK-based brand manager that conducts regular 60-day surveys of British youth, in findings that might just as well apply to American youth.
- 翻译:“千禧一代在生活中需要更多的弹性”,Tanya Michelsen(YouthSight的副总监,这是一家总部位于英国的品牌经理,定期对英国青年进行为期60天的调查),这些发现可能同样适用于美国青年。
- 解释:
millennial
n.
千禧一代flexibility
n.
灵活性、弹性associate
adj.
联合的、准的、副的、非正式的director
n.
主任、董事、经理、负责人brand
n.
品牌manager
n.
经理
-
"Generation Zs are looking for more certainty and stability, because of the rise of the gig economy.
- 翻译:"Z世代寻找更多的确定性和稳定性,因为零工经济的不断增长。
- 解释:
certainty
n.
确定性,certain
adj.
确定的stability
n.
稳定性,stable
adj.
稳定的the gig economy
零工经济
-
They have troubles seeing a financial future and they are quite risk averse."
- 翻译:他们看不到财务上的未来,而且他们相当厌恶风险。"
- 解释:
trouble
n.
困难financial
adj.
财务的future
n.
未来quite
adv.
相当、十分averse
adj.
厌恶
40) Michelsen thinks that compared with millennials, Generation Zs are ___.
译:Michelsen 认为与千禧代相比,Z世代怎么样?
[A] less realistic
译:不切实际
[B] less adventurous
译:缺乏冒险精神
[C] more diligent
译:更加刻苦
[D] more generous
译:更加慷慨