SpringMVC学习记录

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-07 17:48:57 发布

mumubai777

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-07 17:48:57 发布

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文章标签： java spring maven

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/mumubai777/article/details/105782801

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1.HelloWorld Demo

添加Maven依赖
web.xml配置
dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml配置
编写控制器
编写index.jsp 和 success.jsp文件
配置Tomcat
运行

添加依赖：

<dependency>
  <groupId>junit</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
  <version>4.11</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
  <version>5.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
  <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
  <version>1.2</version>
</dependency>

web.xml配置：

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

dispatcherServlet-servlet.xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.mmb.controller"/>

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

编写POJO作为控制器：

package com.mmb.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class MyController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "hello")
    private String hello(){
        System.out.println("打尖儿还是住店？");
        return "success";
    }
}

编写index.jsp 和 success.jsp文件：

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<a href="hello">click to test</a>
</body>
</html>

<html>
    <head>
        <title>武林外传</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>欢迎来到同福客栈！</p>
    </body>
</html>

配置 tomcat
在这里插入图片描述

运行效果：
点击链接跳转到success.jsp文件；

2. 注解

2.1 @Controller

2.2 @RequestingMApping 和 @PathVariable

注解在类上面，表示该类中的方法对应的映射都位于该目录下

method：设置不同的请求方法（增删改查常用），有时需要设置过滤器；

delete
add
get
update

params：设置请求中应该符合的参数条件

必须存在某属性
某属性值存在且必须为"xxxxx"

@Controller
public class MyController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "hello",params = {"username"})
    private String hello(String name){
        System.out.println("你好，世界");
        System.out.println("My name is "+ name);
        return "success";
    }
}

若请求连接中没有username属性：
在这里插入图片描述

请求中需要存在username参数

<a href="hello?username=祝无双">click to test</a>

也可以设置多个条件：

@RequestMapping(value = "hello",params = {"username","sex=0"})

@PathVariable 占位符
通过@PathVariable 可以将 URL 中占位符参数绑定到控制器处理方法的入参中

<a href="hello2/test">click to test</a>

@RequestMapping(value = "hello2/{username}")
private String hello2(@PathVariable(value = "username")String name){
    System.out.println(name);
    return "success";
}

请求路径占位符

* 任意一层目录
? 任意一个字符
** 任意多层目录

2.3 @RequestParam

@RequestMapping(value = "hello3")
private String hello3(@RequestParam(name = "name", required = true, defaultValue = "莫小贝")String name){
    System.out.println(name);
    return "success";
}

<a href="hello3">click to test</a>
<a href="hello3?name=燕小六">click to test2</a>

默认required参数值为true；
还可以利用defaultValue设置默认值，设置默认值后，required为false

3. ModelAndView

将方法的返回值由String转换为ModelAndView

@RequestMapping(value = "hello4")
private ModelAndView hello4(){
     System.out.println("燕小六");
     ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
     mv.setViewName("success");
     return mv;
 }

可以添加数据，动态响应到页面中

@RequestMapping(value = "hello4")
private ModelAndView hello4(){
    System.out.println("燕小六");
    ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
    mv.addObject("msg","举杯幸会有缘人");
    mv.setViewName("success");
    return mv;
}

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>

<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>武林外传</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <p>欢迎来到同福客栈！</p>
        <p>${msg}</p>
    </body>
</html>

还可以对HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response进行配置

@RequestMapping(value = "hello5")
private ModelAndView hello5(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
    ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
    mv.addObject("msg","举杯幸会有缘人");
    mv.setViewName("success");
    return mv;
}

ERRORS

解决中文乱码

配置filter

<filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

URL中的中文乱码(Tomcat中配置文件server.xml)

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" URIEncoding="utf-8"
 connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" />

页面头部添加代码

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>

ModelAndView中的数据取不出来

修改web.xml中的头部

<web-app version="2.5"
   	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
   	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
   	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

路径跳转问题

跳转路径问题（跳转点击链接后，项目名称丢失）:将action 或 href后边的路径去掉/,否则会默认/后边的名称为项目名称；
作用域放值的时候，EL表达式原样输出，这是因为EL表达式需要在Servlet 2.4/JSP 2.0这个版本才能起作用，需要在页面的属性中设为isELIgnored="false"；

https://blog.csdn.net/baidu_37107022/article/details/75578394路径跳转解析