ClassNotFoundException和 NoClassDefFoundError
1. 概述
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError 和 java.lang.ClassNotFoundException 都是 Java 语言层面的异常
NoClassDefFoundError :Thrown if the Java Virtual Machine or a ClassLoader instance tries to load in the definition of a class and no definition of the class could be found. 在ClassLoader.loadClass()方法中抛出
ClassNotFoundException : Thrown when an application tries to load in a class through its string name using:forName、findSystemClass、loadClas but no definition for the class with the specified name could be found.;在ClassLoader.defineClass()中抛出
本质性区别:
NoClassDefFoundError 是程序在编译时候可以顺利找到所需要依赖的类的,但是在运行时依赖的类找不到或者可以找到多个,就会抛出这个Error。ClassNotFoundException在类路径错误,或者类名称发生更改,都会导致这个Exception,这两个异常的出现在生产环境中,通常是由于依赖jar包多版本存在,jar包升级中类或者方法不再提供引起的
2.测试代码
package com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef;
import com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.map.PHashMap426.PLinkedHashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* 模拟ClassNotFoundException和 NoClassDefFoundError两个异常
* Created by ryan01.peng on 2017/5/8.
*/
public class TestClassAboutException {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("---》》》TestClassAboutException编译已经通过啦!!!");
toShowClassNotFoundException();
toShowNoClassDefErr();
toShowNoClassDefErr2();
}
public static void toShowClassNotFoundException(){
try {
//"com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException"
// 模拟jar包路劲改变或者,类名称改变引起的ClassNotFoundException
Class cl = Class.forName("vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException");// TestClassAboutException.class.getName()
System.out.println("---》》》toShowClassNotFoundException ::: "+cl.getName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("---》》》ClassNotFoundException 被捕捉到啦!!!");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void toShowNoClassDefErr(){
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("/n"+"是否进入NoClassDefErr复现环节: 输入1/0 ");
//阻塞,删去类文件
if (scanner.nextInt() == 1)
{
try {
//com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.map.PHashMap426.PLinkedHashMap
// 模拟在运行时,类文件丢失,则会产生NoClassDefFoundError
Class c = Class.forName(PLinkedHashMap.class.getName());
System.out.println("---》》》toShowNoClassDefErr :::" +c.getName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("---》》》NoClassDefErr 被捕捉啦!!!");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
else
return;
}
public static void toShowNoClassDefErr2(){
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("/n"+"是否进入NoClassDefErr复现环节: 输入1/0 ");
if (scanner.nextInt() == 1)
{
try {
B bS = new B();
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
B b = new B();
}
}
}
初始化失败类B
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Created by ryan01.peng on 2017/5/8.
*/
public class B {
static {
init();
}
public B() {
}
static void init(){
System.out.println("B initializing and then Exception occurred");
int re = 5/0;
System.out.println(re);
}
}
测试输出
"C:\Program Filcom.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:191)
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException.toShowClassNotFoundException(TestClassAboutException.java:23)
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException.main(TestClassAboutException.java:15)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)
---》》》TestClassAboutException编译已经通过啦!!!
---》》》ClassNotFoundException 被捕捉到啦!!!
null
/n是否进入NoClassDefErr复现环节: 输入1/0
1
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/vip/vcp/ryan/zhaunzheng/map/PHashMap426/PLinkedHashMap
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException.toShowNoClassDefErr(TestClassAboutException.java:41)
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException.main(TestClassAboutException.java:16)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.map.PHashMap426.PLinkedHashMap
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
... 7 more
Process finished with exit code 1
由于静态代码块初始化失败引起的NoClassDefFoundError
---》》》TestClassAboutException编译已经通过啦!!!
/n是否进入NoClassDefErr复现环节: 输入1/0
1
B initializing and then Exception occurred
java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException.toShowNoClassDefErr2(TestClassAboutException.java:63)
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException.main(TestClassAboutException.java:18)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)
Caused by: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.B.init(B.java:24)
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.B.<clinit>(B.java:16)
... 7 more
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.B
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException.toShowNoClassDefErr2(TestClassAboutException.java:67)
at com.vip.vcp.ryan.zhaunzheng.ToLeExcep.ClassNotFoundAndNoClassDef.TestClassAboutException.main(TestClassAboutException.java:18)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)
Process finished with exit code 1