ubuntu修改默认启动内核

【修改对象】
修改文件：/etc/default/grub

root@muzhi-virtual-machine:~/linux-driver# cat /etc/default/grub
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
GRUB_DEFAULT=0

...

....

主要修改GRUB_DEFAULT参数指定启动内核，指定的内容为grub菜单的条目描述

【获取启动内核的菜单描述方法】
首先查看当前grub的菜单配置 cat /boot/grub/grub.cfg

可以看到

submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-f7d2dd2f-7a46-4b9f-bc25-a513afc1ac68' {
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-43-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-43-generic-advanced-f7d2dd2f-7a46-4b9f-bc25-a513afc1ac68' {
                recordfail
                load_video
                gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
                insmod gzio
                if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
                insmod part_gpt
                insmod ext2
                set root='hd0,gpt3'
                if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
                  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt3 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt3 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt3  f7d2dd2f-7a46-4b9f-bc25-a513afc1ac68
                else
                  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f7d2dd2f-7a46-4b9f-bc25-a513afc1ac68
                fi
                echo    'Loading Linux 5.15.0-43-generic ...'
                linux   /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-43-generic root=UUID=f7d2dd2f-7a46-4b9f-bc25-a513afc1ac68 ro find_preseed=/preseed.cfg auto noprompt priority=critical locale=en_US quiet splash $vt_handoff
                echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
                initrd  /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-43-generic
        }
        menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-43-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.15.0-43-generic-recovery-f7d2dd2f-7a46-4b9f-bc25-a513afc1ac68' {
                recordfail
                load_video
                insmod gzio
                if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
                insmod part_gpt
                insmod ext2
                set root='hd0,gpt3'
                if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
                  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt3 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt3 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt3  f7d2dd2f-7a46-4b9f-bc25-a513afc1ac68
                else
                  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f7d2dd2f-7a46-4b9f-bc25-a513afc1ac68
                fi
                echo    'Loading Linux 5.15.0-43-generic ...'
                linux   /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-43-generic root=UUID=f7d2dd2f-7a46-4b9f-bc25-a513afc1ac68 ro recovery nomodeset dis_ucode_ldr find_preseed=/preseed.cfg auto noprompt priority=critical locale=en_US
                echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
                initrd  /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-43-generic
        }
}

结合以上当前grub的菜单，得到如果默认启动5.15.0-43内核则grub的配置GRUB_DEFAULT参数应该指定为：

Advanced options for Ubuntu>Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-43-generic

【修改】
GRUB_DEFAULT=“Advanced options for Ubuntu>Ubuntu, with Linux 5.15.0-43-generic”

【生效】
注意这里/etc/default/grub是系统给出的grub参数配置，但配置后是无法直接生效的，需要通过update-grub命令去生效，然后重启，完了就OK。