救济金发放(The Dole Queue, UVa 133)

本文介绍了一种有趣的逻辑游戏,n个人围成一圈,官员A按逆时针方向数k人,官员B按顺时针方向数m人。每次官员停在某人处,该人离开。代码展示了如何通过数组记录选中者并输出编号。理解这个过程有助于理解序列选择算法在动态环境下应用。
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n(n<20)个人站成一圈,逆时针编号为1~n。有两个官员,A从1开始逆时针数,B从n开 始顺时针数。在每一轮中,官员A数k个就停下来,官员B数m个就停下来(注意有可能两个官员停在同一个人上)。接下来被官员选中的人(1个或者2个)离开队伍。

输入n,k,m输出每轮里被选中的人的编号(如果有两个人,先输出被A选中的)。例 如,n=10,k=4,m=3,输出为4 8, 9 5, 3 1, 2 6, 10, 7。注意:输出的每个数应当恰好占3列。

分析:

输出的每个数应当恰好占3列,可以用%3d。选中的人会被踢出,用数组a[]来存储->(for遍历n)被提出的人用0代替,当数到0时跳过即可。

#include<stdio.h>
#define maxn 30 // 老规矩值设偏大
int n, k, m, a[maxn];

// 这里的d就相当于是步长,逆时针为1,顺时针为-1
// t就是要走的次数,即k,m
int go(int p, int d, int t){
	while(t--){
		do{
			p = (p + d + n - 1) % n + 1;
		}
		while(a[p] == 0);// 这里就是一步一步走到非0的数
	}
	return p;
}

int main(){
    // scanf返回值为所输入的数据与格式字符串中匹配次数,出错时则返回EOF可视为-1
	while(scanf("%d%d%d", &n, &k, &m) == 3 && n){
		for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
			a[i] = i; // 遍历 注意这里是a[1]=1,a[10]=10
		}
		int leave = n; // 循环次数
		int p1 = n, p2 = 1;
		while(leave){
			p1 = go(p1, 1, k);
			p2 = go(p2, -1, m);
			printf("%3d", p1);
			leave--;
			if(p2 != p1){
				printf("%3d", p2);
				leave--;
			}
			a[p1] = a[p2] = 0; // 排除的数归零
			if(leave){
				printf(",");
			}
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
	return 0;
} 

如果上面函数的go看不懂我们也可以写两个函数,go代表逆时针,go_1为顺时针。

int go(int p, int t){
	while(t--){
		do{
			p = (p + n) % n + 1;
		}
		while(a[p] == 0);
	}
	return p;
}

int go_1(int p, int t){
	while(t--){
		do{
			p = (p + n - 2) % n + 1;
		}
		while(a[p] == 0);
	}
	return p;
}

 

C++编写程序,实现以下问题2、题目ID Codes(POJ1146) Time Limit: 1000MS Memory Limit: 10000K 描述: It is 2084 and the year of Big Brother has finally arrived, albeit a century late. In order to exercise greater control over its citizens and thereby to counter a chronic breakdown in law and order, the Government decides on a radical measure--all citizens are to have a tiny microcomputer surgically implanted in their left wrists. This computer will contains all sorts of personal information as well as a transmitter which will allow people's movements to be logged and monitored by a central computer. (A desirable side effect of this process is that it will shorten the dole queue for plastic surgeons.) An essential component of each computer will be a unique identification code, consisting of up to 50 characters drawn from the 26 lower case letters. The set of characters for any given code is chosen somewhat haphazardly. The complicated way in which the code is imprinted into the chip makes it much easier for the manufacturer to produce codes which are rearrangements of other codes than to produce new codes with a different selection of letters. Thus, once a set of letters has been chosen all possible codes derivable from it are used before changing the set. For example, suppose it is decided that a code will contain exactly 3 occurrences of a', 2 of b' and 1 of c', then three of the allowable 60 codes under these conditions are: abaabc abaacb ababac These three codes are listed from top to bottom in alphabetic order. Among all codes generated with this set of characters, these codes appear consecutively in this order. Write a program to assist in the issuing of these identification codes. Your program will accept a sequence of no more than 50 lower case letters (which may contain repeated characters) and print the successor code if one exists or the message No Successor' if the given code is the last in the sequence for that set of characters. 输入: Input will consist of a series of lines each containing a string representing a code. The entire file will be terminated by a line consisting of a single #. 输出: Output will consist of one line for each code read containing the successor code or the words 'No Successor'. 样例输入 abaacb cbbaa # 样例输出 ababac No Successor
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05-22
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