CentOS升级Python3.5并安装lxml等模块

升级CentOS自带的Python2.x到Python3.5

1. 安装编译环境

   sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel openssl-devel sqlite-devel -y

2. 下载源码并安装

   wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.6/Python-3.5.6.tgz
   tar zxvf Python-3.5.6.tgz
   cd Python-3.5.6
   ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3.5
   make && sudo make install

3. 创建pip和新Python连接

   sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.5/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

   • CentOS6中，新版Python可以直接覆盖旧版Python，如下

     sudo mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/pythonbak
     sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.5/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python

   • CentOS7中，新版Python不能直接覆盖旧版Python，需要取别名，如python3

     sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.5/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python3

4. 修改yum配置文件
   如果第三步中，新版Python覆盖了旧版的Python，需要将yum配置文件中的 #!/usr/bin/python修改成#!/usr/bin/pythonbak。

   sudo vi /usr/bin/yum

   

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安装Python模组

1. 安装lxml，依赖有libxml2-devel，libxslt-devel

   sudo yum install libxml2-devel libxslt-devel -y
   sudo pip3 install lxml

2. 安装requests

   sudo pip3 install requests