通过response.body()返回的json报文，直接生成对应结构体，实现数据绑定

作者：非妃是公主
专栏：《Golang》
博客地址：https://blog.csdn.net/myf_666
个性签：顺境不惰，逆境不馁，以心制境，万事可成。——曾国藩

序

在写Go进行api接口请求的时候，往往需要将返回的json报文与结构体进行绑定。如果api接口返回的json参数较多，而且嵌套关系较为复杂，自己书写结构体的定义代码，不仅费时费力，还有着出现错误的风向……

一、解决办法

可以通过oktools在线实现json body到结构体的转换，网址为：https://oktools.net/
进入后页面如下，选择JSON转Go Struct：

在转换时，两种展开和嵌套两种方式本质上其实是一样的，就像面向对象和面向过程的区别一样，都可以实现样的功能，可以根据自己的习惯进行选择，具体如下：

• 转换-展开：可以看到结构体中定义了结构体
  
• 转换-嵌套：只有一个大结构体，但大结构体中嵌套定义了小结构体。
  
  这里给出相关代码的定义，读者可以自己测试进行验证。

二、相关测试代码

1. json body

{"rc":0,"wiki":{"known_in_laguages":63,"description":{"source":"tangible and intangible thing, except labor tied services, that satisfies human wants and provides utility","target":null},"id":"Q28877","item":{"source":"good","target":"\u5546\u54c1"},"image_url":"http:\/\/www.caiyunapp.com\/imgs\/link_default_img.png","is_subject":"true","sitelink":"https:\/\/www.caiyunapp.com\/read_mode\/?id=6354777915466339550246c5"},"dictionary":{"prons":{"en-us":"[g\u028ad]","en":"[gud]"},"explanations":["a.\u597d\u7684;\u5584\u826f\u7684;\u5feb\u4e50\u7684;\u771f\u6b63\u7684;\u5bbd\u5927\u7684;\u6709\u76ca\u7684;\u8001\u7ec3\u7684;\u5e78\u798f\u7684;\u5fe0\u5b9e\u7684;\u4f18\u79c0\u7684;\u5b8c\u6574\u7684;\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684;\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684","n.\u5229\u76ca;\u597d\u5904;\u5584\u826f;\u597d\u4eba","ad.=well"],"synonym":["excellent","fine","nice","splendid","proper"],"antonym":["bad","wrong","evil","harmful","poor"],"wqx_example":[["to the good","\u6709\u5229,\u6709\u597d\u5904"],["good, bad and indifferent","\u597d\u7684,\u574f\u7684\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u7684"],["good innings","\u957f\u5bff"],["good and ...","\u5f88,\u9887;\u5b8c\u5168,\u5f7b\u5e95"],["do somebody's heart good","\u5bf9\u67d0\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u810f\u6709\u76ca,\u4f7f\u67d0\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u6109\u5feb"],["do somebody good","\u5bf9\u67d0\u4eba\u6709\u76ca"],["be good for","\u5bf9\u2026\u6709\u6548,\u9002\u5408,\u80dc\u4efb"],["be good at","\u5728\u2026\u65b9\u9762(\u5b66\u5f97,\u505a\u5f97)\u597d;\u5584\u4e8e"],["as good as one's word","\u4fe1\u5b88\u8bfa\u8a00,\u503c\u5f97\u4fe1\u8d56"],["as good as","\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a,\u51e0\u4e4e\u7b49\u4e8e"],["all well and good","\u4e5f\u597d,\u8fd8\u597d,\u5f88\u4e0d\u9519"],["a good","\u76f8\u5f53,\u8db3\u8db3"],["He is good at figures . ","\u4ed6\u5584\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002"]],"entry":"good","type":"word","related":[],"source":"wenquxing"}}

转换得到的Go Struct如下：

2. 转换-展开

type AutoGenerated struct {
	Rc int `json:"rc"`
	Wiki Wiki `json:"wiki"`
	Dictionary Dictionary `json:"dictionary"`
}
type Description struct {
	Source string `json:"source"`
	Target interface{} `json:"target"`
}
type Item struct {
	Source string `json:"source"`
	Target string `json:"target"`
}
type Wiki struct {
	KnownInLaguages int `json:"known_in_laguages"`
	Description Description `json:"description"`
	ID string `json:"id"`
	Item Item `json:"item"`
	ImageURL string `json:"image_url"`
	IsSubject string `json:"is_subject"`
	Sitelink string `json:"sitelink"`
}
type Prons struct {
	EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
	En string `json:"en"`
}
type Dictionary struct {
	Prons Prons `json:"prons"`
	Explanations []string `json:"explanations"`
	Synonym []string `json:"synonym"`
	Antonym []string `json:"antonym"`
	WqxExample []WqxExample[]string `json:"wqx_example"`
	Entry string `json:"entry"`
	Type string `json:"type"`
	Related []interface{} `json:"related"`
	Source string `json:"source"`
}

3. 转换-嵌套

type AutoGenerated struct {
	Rc int `json:"rc"`
	Wiki struct {
		KnownInLaguages int `json:"known_in_laguages"`
		Description struct {
			Source string `json:"source"`
			Target interface{} `json:"target"`
		} `json:"description"`
		ID string `json:"id"`
		Item struct {
			Source string `json:"source"`
			Target string `json:"target"`
		} `json:"item"`
		ImageURL string `json:"image_url"`
		IsSubject string `json:"is_subject"`
		Sitelink string `json:"sitelink"`
	} `json:"wiki"`
	Dictionary struct {
		Prons struct {
			EnUs string `json:"en-us"`
			En string `json:"en"`
		} `json:"prons"`
		Explanations []string `json:"explanations"`
		Synonym []string `json:"synonym"`
		Antonym []string `json:"antonym"`
		WqxExample [][]string `json:"wqx_example"`
		Entry string `json:"entry"`
		Type string `json:"type"`
		Related []interface{} `json:"related"`
		Source string `json:"source"`
	} `json:"dictionary"`
}