移动Oracle home和数据文件控制文件临时文件到其他目录

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-07 15:00:56 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-07 15:00:56 发布

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分类专栏： Oracle 文章标签： oracle 数据库

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/myneth/article/details/133563171

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文章目录

环境说明
- 创建文件系统
- 创建目录和修改权限
移动Oracle Home
移动数据文件、控制文件、redo、temp

环境说明

[root@testos ~]# lsblk 
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0     11:0    1 1024M  0 rom  
sda      8:0    0  100G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0  200M  0 part /boot
├─sda2   8:2    0    4G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3   8:3    0 95.8G  0 part /
sdb      8:16   0  200G  0 disk 
[root@testos ~]# 
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3        95G   18G   73G  20% /
tmpfs           2.0G  485M  1.5G  25% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1       190M   32M  149M  18% /boot
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$env|grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=testdb
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$sqlplus -s / as sysdba
select file_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf

如上当前Oracle环境有几个问题

没有单独为oracle创建分区
oracle数据文件也存放路径不规范

现在需要单独为oracle创建分区，把对应的文件移动过去

创建文件系统

pvcreate /dev/sdb
vgcreate oravg /dev/sdb
lvcreate -n oralv -L 200000M oravg
mkfs.ext4 /dev/oravg/oralv
echo "/dev/oravg/oralv /oracle ext4 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
mkdir /oracle
mount /oracle



[root@testos ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3              95G   18G   73G  20% /
tmpfs                 2.0G  485M  1.5G  25% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1             190M   32M  149M  18% /boot
/dev/mapper/oravg-oralv
                      193G   60M  183G   1% /oracle

创建目录和修改权限

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
mkdir -p /oracle/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /oracle/{oradata,backup,archive}
chown -R oracle:oinstall /oracle
chmod -R 775 /oracle

移动Oracle Home

关闭监听程序和数据库

[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 19-SEP-2023 23:33:04

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=testos)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                19-SEP-2023 23:06:24
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 26 min. 39 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/testos/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=testos)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "testdb" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "testdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "testdbXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "testdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 19-SEP-2023 23:33:41

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=testos)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Sep 19 23:33:43 2023

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

sys@testdb(50)> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
sys@testdb(50)>

移动Oracle Home

#查看当前环境变量里记录的信息
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$env|grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=testdb
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$cd $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@testos:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1]$ll
total 316
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 addnode
drwxr-xr-x.  6 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 apex
drwxr-xr-x. 10 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 assistants
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall 12288 Jul 31  2020 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  7 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 ccr
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 cdata
drwxr-xr-x.  5 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 cfgtoollogs
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 clone
drwxr-xr-x.  6 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 crs
drwxr-xr-x.  6 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 css
drwxr-xr-x. 11 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 ctx
drwxr-xr-x.  7 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 cv
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 data
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 dbjava
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall  4096 Sep 19 23:34 dbs
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 dc_ocm
drwxr-xr-x.  5 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 deinstall
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 demo
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 diagnostics
drwxr-xr-x.  8 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 dmu
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 dv
-rw-r--r--.  1 oracle oinstall   852 Aug 19  2015 env.ora
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 has
drwxr-xr-x.  5 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 hs
drwxr-xr-x.  9 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 install
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 instantclient
drwxr-x---. 13 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 inventory
drwxr-xr-x.  8 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 javavm
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 jdbc
drwxr-xr-x.  7 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 jdk
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 jlib
drwxr-xr-x. 12 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 ldap
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall 12288 Jul 31  2020 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 log
drwxr-xr-x.  7 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 md
drwxr-xr-x.  6 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 mgw
drwxr-xr-x. 10 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 network
drwxr-xr-x.  5 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 nls
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 oc4j
drwxr-xr-x.  7 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 odbc
drwxr-xr-x.  5 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 olap
drwxr-xr-x. 12 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 OPatch
drwxr-xr-x.  8 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 opmn
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 oracore
-rw-r-----.  1 oracle oinstall    52 Jul 31  2020 oraInst.loc
drwxr-xr-x.  7 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 ord
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 ordim
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 ords
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 oss
drwxr-xr-x.  8 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 oui
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 owm
drwxr-xr-x.  5 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 perl
drwxr-xr-x.  6 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 plsql
drwxr-xr-x.  6 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 precomp
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 QOpatch
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 R
drwxr-xr-x.  7 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 racg
drwxr-xr-x. 14 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 rdbms
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 relnotes
-rwx------.  1 oracle oinstall   610 Jul 31  2020 root.sh
-rw-r--r--.  1 oracle oinstall  2826 Mar  9  2016 schagent.conf
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 scheduler
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 slax
drwxr-xr-x. 22 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 sqldeveloper
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 sqlj
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 sqlpatch
drwxr-xr-x.  7 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 sqlplus
drwxr-xr-x.  9 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 srvm
drwxr-xr-x.  5 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 suptools
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 sysman
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 ucp
drwxr-xr-x.  4 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 usm
drwxr-xr-x.  2 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 utl
drwxr-xr-x.  3 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 wwg
drwxr-x---.  7 oracle oinstall  4096 Jul 31  2020 xdk
[oracle@testos:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1]$

#移动以上文件和文件夹到创建的目录
[oracle@testos:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1]$mv * /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/

修改环境变量

[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$env|grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=testdb
ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$

修改oraInst.loc和oratab文件

oraInst.loc文件里面路径不对会影响打补丁

oratab文件里面路径不对会影响自动启动（不常用）

#/etc/oratab修改后的信息
[root@testos ~]# egrep -v "^#|^$" /etc/oratab 
testdb:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1:N
[root@testos ~]# 

#查看oraInst.loc信息
[root@testos ~]# find / -name oraInst.loc
/u01/oraInventory/oraInst.loc
/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
/etc/oraInst.loc
[root@testos ~]# cat /etc/oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/u01/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
[root@testos ~]# cat /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/u01/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
[root@testos ~]# cat /u01/oraInventory/oraInst.loc
inventory_loc=/u01/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
[root@testos ~]# 


#如下查询报错
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
[oracle@testos:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/OPatch]$./opatch lsinventory
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.6
Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Oracle Home       : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/oraInventory
   from           : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.6
OUI version       : 12.2.0.1.4
Log file location : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-09-19_23-56-50PM_1.log

List of Homes on this system:

  Home name= OraDB12Home1, Location= "/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1"
LsInventorySession failed: RawInventory gets null OracleHomeInfo

OPatch failed with error code 73
[oracle@testos:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/OPatch]$


#oraInst.loc文件信息不能手动修改，使用以下命令修复
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin
[oracle@testos:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/oui/bin]$./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs -attachHome ORACLE_HOME="/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1" ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDB12Home"
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 4095 MB    Passed
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
'AttachHome' was successful.
[oracle@testos:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/oui/bin]$

#查询
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$cd $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
[oracle@testos:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/OPatch]$./opatch lsinventory
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 12.2.0.1.6
Copyright (c) 2023, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Oracle Home       : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1
Central Inventory : /u01/oraInventory
   from           : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 12.2.0.1.6
OUI version       : 12.2.0.1.4
Log file location : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2023-10-04_19-29-11PM_1.log

Lsinventory Output file location : /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2023-10-04_19-29-11PM.txt

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Machine Information::
Hostname: testos
ARU platform id: 226
ARU platform description:: Linux x86-64

Installed Top-level Products (1): 

Oracle Database 12c                                                  12.2.0.1.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.


There are no Interim patches installed in this Oracle Home.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPatch succeeded.
[oracle@testos:/oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/OPatch]$

启动监听程序和数据库

[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 04-OCT-2023 19:34:06

Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/testos/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=testos)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=testos)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                04-OCT-2023 19:34:06
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /oracle/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/testos/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=testos)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$
[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Oct 4 19:34:17 2023

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  838860800 bytes
Fixed Size                  8626240 bytes
Variable Size             629149632 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                3952640 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>

移动数据文件、控制文件、redo、temp

原文件位置

[oracle@testos:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb]$ll
total 1998192
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall  10600448 Oct  4 20:25 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall  10600448 Oct  4 20:25 control02.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Oct  4 20:25 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Oct  4 20:18 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Oct  4 20:18 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 482353152 Oct  4 20:19 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 838868992 Oct  4 20:19 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall  33562624 Jul 31  2020 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall  68165632 Oct  4 20:19 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall   5251072 Oct  4 20:19 users01.dbf
[oracle@testos:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb]$

# 数据库查询

#控制文件
SQL> show parameter control_files;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files                        string      /u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb
                                                 /control01.ctl, /u01/app/oracl
                                                 e/oradata/testdb/control02.ctl
                                                 
#数据文件
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf

#临时文件
SQL> select file_name from dba_temp_files;

FILE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf


#redo日志文件
SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.log

如上可以看出数据文件、控制文件、临时文件和redo日志文件都在/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb目录下

先做备份

先打开归档

alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=10g;
alter system set db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/archive';
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database archivelog;
alter database open;


SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     1
Next log sequence to archive   1
Current log sequence           1
SQL>

使用rman备份数据库

[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 4 20:13:14 2023
Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: TESTDB (DBID=2830538764)


RMAN> backup tag testdb_full format '/oracle/backup/full_testdb_%s_%p_%t' (database);

Starting backup at 2023-10-04 20:19:34
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=60 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2023-10-04 20:19:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2023-10-04 20:19:50
piece handle=/oracle/backup/full_testdb_1_1_1149365975 tag=TESTDB_FULL comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 2023-10-04 20:19:50

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2023-10-04 20:19:50
piece handle=/oracle/archive/TESTDB/autobackup/2023_10_04/o1_mf_s_1149365990_lktp36os_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2023-10-04 20:19:51

RMAN> 

RMAN> 

RMAN> backup tag testdb_ctl format '/oracle/backup/testdb_ctl_%s_%p_%t' (current controlfile);

Starting backup at 2023-10-04 20:19:59
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2023-10-04 20:20:00
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2023-10-04 20:20:01
piece handle=/oracle/backup/testdb_ctl_3_1_1149365999 tag=TESTDB_CTL comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2023-10-04 20:20:01

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2023-10-04 20:20:01
piece handle=/oracle/archive/TESTDB/autobackup/2023_10_04/o1_mf_s_1149366001_lktp3kt3_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2023-10-04 20:20:02

RMAN> 

RMAN> 

RMAN> backup tag testdb_spfile format '/oracle/backup/testdb_spfile_%s_%p_%t' (spfile);

Starting backup at 2023-10-04 20:20:07
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2023-10-04 20:20:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2023-10-04 20:20:08
piece handle=/oracle/backup/testdb_spfile_5_1_1149366007 tag=TESTDB_SPFILE comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2023-10-04 20:20:08

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2023-10-04 20:20:08
piece handle=/oracle/archive/TESTDB/autobackup/2023_10_04/o1_mf_s_1149366008_lktp3rbv_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2023-10-04 20:20:09

RMAN>

参数文件

SQL> show parameter pfile;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile                               string      /oracle/app/oracle/product/12.
                                                 2.0/db_1/dbs/spfiletestdb.ora
SQL>

如上参数文件在移动Oracle Home的时候已经移动过去了，参数文件这里可以不动

控制文件

重启数据库至nomount状态

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  838860800 bytes
Fixed Size                  8626240 bytes
Variable Size             629149632 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                3952640 bytes
SQL>

使用rman恢复控制文件

[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 4 20:37:49 2023
Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: TESTDB (not mounted)

RMAN> set dbid=2830538764

executing command: SET DBID

#从自动备份恢复控制文件到指定路径
RMAN> restore controlfile to '/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl' from autobackup;

Starting restore at 2023-10-04 20:38:55
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=36 device type=DISK

recovery area destination: /oracle/archive
database name (or database unique name) used for search: TESTDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP /oracle/archive/TESTDB/autobackup/2023_10_04/o1_mf_s_1149366008_lktp3rbv_.bkp found in the recovery area
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20231004
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file from AUTOBACKUP /oracle/archive/TESTDB/autobackup/2023_10_04/o1_mf_s_1149366008_lktp3rbv_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 2023-10-04 20:38:58

RMAN> restore controlfile to '/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl' from autobackup;

Starting restore at 2023-10-04 20:39:05
using channel ORA_DISK_1

recovery area destination: /oracle/archive
database name (or database unique name) used for search: TESTDB
channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP /oracle/archive/TESTDB/autobackup/2023_10_04/o1_mf_s_1149366008_lktp3rbv_.bkp found in the recovery area
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20231004
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file from AUTOBACKUP /oracle/archive/TESTDB/autobackup/2023_10_04/o1_mf_s_1149366008_lktp3rbv_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at 2023-10-04 20:39:06

RMAN>

如下新路径生成了控制文件：

[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$ll
total 20704
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10600448 Oct  4 20:38 control01.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 10600448 Oct  4 20:39 control02.ctl
[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$

修改控制文件路径信息：

SQL> alter system set control_files='/oracle/oradata/control01.ctl','/oracle/oradata/control02.ctl' scope=spfile;

System altered.

SQL>

重启数据库至mount状态

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: database not mounted


ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> 
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  838860800 bytes
Fixed Size                  8626240 bytes
Variable Size             629149632 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                3952640 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> 

-- 如下现在mount使用的是新的控制文件
SQL> show parameter control_files;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files                        string      /oracle/oradata/control01.ctl,
                                                  /oracle/oradata/control02.ctl

数据文件

查看rman之前的备份信息

[oracle@testos:/home/oracle]$rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Oct 4 20:43:29 2023
Copyright (c) 1982, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
connected to target database: TESTDB (DBID=2830538764, not open)

RMAN> list backupset;

......

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time    
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
1       Full    1.00G      DISK        00:00:07     2023-10-04 20:19:42
        BP Key: 1   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TESTDB_FULL
        Piece Name: /oracle/backup/full_testdb_1_1_1149365975
  List of Datafiles in backup set 1
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----------- ------ ----
  1       Full 1434437    2023-10-04 20:19:35              NO    /u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
  3       Full 1434437    2023-10-04 20:19:35              NO    /u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
  4       Full 1434437    2023-10-04 20:19:35              NO    /u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
  7       Full 1434437    2023-10-04 20:19:35              NO    /u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf

如上找到最近的一次全备记录，正常restore的话，会恢复到之前的路径下，但是我们现在要做的是恢复到新的路径下

使用以下脚本进行恢复：

run{
set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' to '/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf' to '/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf' to '/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf' to '/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf';
restore database;
switch datafile all;
}

执行过程如下

RMAN> run{
2> set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf' to '/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf';
3> set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf' to '/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf';
4> set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf' to '/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf';
5> set newname for datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf' to '/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf';
6> restore database;
7> switch datafile all;
8> }

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at 2023-10-04 20:49:42
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 2023-10-04 20:49:42
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=42 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 5 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 2023-10-04 20:49:43

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 2023-10-04 20:49:43
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 2023-10-04 20:49:43

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /oracle/archive/TESTDB/autobackup/2023_10_04/o1_mf_s_1149366008_lktp3rbv_.bkp

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /oracle/oradata/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /oracle/oradata/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/backup/full_testdb_1_1_1149365975
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle/backup/full_testdb_1_1_1149365975 tag=TESTDB_FULL
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished restore at 2023-10-04 20:49:50

datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=1149367790 file name=/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=1149367790 file name=/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=7 STAMP=1149367790 file name=/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=8 STAMP=1149367790 file name=/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf

RMAN>

restore之后新的目录下就生成了对应的文件：

[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$ll
total 1382664
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  10600448 Oct  4 20:50 control01.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  10600448 Oct  4 20:50 control02.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 482353152 Oct  4 20:49 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 838868992 Oct  4 20:49 system01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  68165632 Oct  4 20:49 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   5251072 Oct  4 20:49 users01.dbf
[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$

现在还不能做recover，因为我们控制文件的信息都是不对的（存放的是之前文件的路径信息），控制文件需要重建

[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$strings control01.ctl|grep oradata|sort|uniq
/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf
oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf
oracle/oradata/system01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf
oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf
oracle/oradata/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/users01.dbf
[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$

重建控制文件

dump出控制文件trace

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/oracle/1.txt';

Database altered.

trace出的信息如下

[oracle@testos:/oracle]$egrep -v "^--|^$" 1.txt
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" NORESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
  '/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8;
RECOVER DATABASE
ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG ALL;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf' REUSE;
STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo02.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo03.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
  '/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8;
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/testdb/temp01.dbf' REUSE;
[oracle@testos:/oracle]$

整理重建控制文件的命令如下：

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 '/oracle/oradata/redo01.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 2 '/oracle/oradata/redo02.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 3 '/oracle/oradata/redo03.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
  '/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf';

重启数据库至nomount状态

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open


Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> 
SQL> 
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  838860800 bytes
Fixed Size                  8626240 bytes
Variable Size             629149632 bytes
Database Buffers          197132288 bytes
Redo Buffers                3952640 bytes
SQL>

执行重建控制文件的命令

SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "TESTDB" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG
  2      MAXLOGFILES 16
  3      MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
  4      MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
  GROUP 1 '/oracle/oradata/redo01.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 '/oracle/oradata/redo01.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
DATAFILE
  GROUP 2 '/oracle/oradata/redo02.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  '/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf',
  GROUP 3 '/oracle/oradata/redo03.log'  SIZE 200M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE
  '/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf',
 15    '/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf';

Control file created.

SQL> 

-- 控制文件重建后数据库自动mount起来了
SQL> select NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$database;

NAME      OPEN_MODE
--------- --------------------
TESTDB    MOUNTED

SQL>

使用resetlogs模式open数据库

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SQL>

如下系统重建了redo日志

[oracle@testos:/oracle]$cd /oracle/oradata/
[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$ll
total 1997720
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  10928128 Oct  4 21:00 control01.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  10928128 Oct  4 21:00 control02.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Oct  4 21:00 redo01.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Oct  4 21:00 redo02.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Oct  4 21:00 redo03.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 482353152 Oct  4 21:00 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 838868992 Oct  4 21:00 system01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  68165632 Oct  4 21:00 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   5251072 Oct  4 21:00 users01.dbf
[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$

临时文件

SQL> select * from dba_temp_files;

no rows selected

-- 添加临时文件
SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/oracle/oradata/temp01.dbf' size 50m;

Tablespace altered.

SQL>

如下临时文件也有了

[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$ll
total 1998744
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  10928128 Oct  4 21:02 control01.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  10928128 Oct  4 21:02 control02.ctl
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Oct  4 21:01 redo01.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Oct  4 21:00 redo02.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 209715712 Oct  4 21:00 redo03.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 482353152 Oct  4 21:00 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 838868992 Oct  4 21:00 system01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  52436992 Oct  4 21:01 temp01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall  68165632 Oct  4 21:00 undotbs01.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   5251072 Oct  4 21:00 users01.dbf
[oracle@testos:/oracle/oradata]$

查看日志状态

set line 100
col GROUP# for 9
col MEMBER for a45
col SIZE for a4
col STATUS for a10

GROUP#    MEMBERS MEMBER                                           SIZE/MB ARC STATUS     TYPE
------ ---------- --------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ---------- -------
     3          1 /oracle/oradata/redo03.log                           200 YES UNUSED     ONLINE
     2          1 /oracle/oradata/redo02.log                           200 YES UNUSED     ONLINE
     1          1 /oracle/oradata/redo01.log                           200 NO  CURRENT    ONLINE

-- 切换日志
SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

-- 再次查询日志
GROUP#    MEMBERS MEMBER                                           SIZE/MB ARC STATUS     TYPE
------ ---------- --------------------------------------------- ---------- --- ---------- -------
     3          1 /oracle/oradata/redo03.log                           200 NO  CURRENT    ONLINE
     2          1 /oracle/oradata/redo02.log                           200 YES ACTIVE     ONLINE
     1          1 /oracle/oradata/redo01.log                           200 YES ACTIVE     ONLINE

警告日志

SQL> show parameter diagnostic_dest;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
diagnostic_dest                      string      /u01/app/oracle
SQL> alter system set diagnostic_dest = '/oracle/app/oracle';

System altered.

查询验证

-- 控制文件
SQL> show parameter control_files;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files                        string      /oracle/oradata/control01.ctl,
                                                  /oracle/oradata/control02.ctl
SQL> 
                                                 
-- 数据文件
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/sysaux01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/undotbs01.dbf
/oracle/oradata/users01.dbf

SQL> 

-- 临时文件
SQL> select file_name from dba_temp_files;

FILE_NAME
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oracle/oradata/temp01.dbf

SQL> 


-- redo日志文件
SQL> select member from v$logfile;

MEMBER
---------------------------------------------
/oracle/oradata/redo03.log
/oracle/oradata/redo02.log
/oracle/oradata/redo01.log

SQL> 

-- 查询实例状态
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS
---------------- ----------
testdb           OPEN