java网络编程中常用的类

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-07 21:33:33 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-07 21:33:33 发布

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java网络编程中常用的类

1、InetAddress
用于封装计算机的IP地址和DNS(Domain Name System域名系统)（没有端口信息）
InetAddress没有构造器，要得到对象只能通过静态方法实现

/**
 * 使用getLocalHost的方法创建InetAddress对象
 */
package com.InetAddress;

import java.net.InetAddress;

public class Test1 {
	 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	 InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
	 System.out.println("HostAddress:"+addr.getHostAddress());
		System.out.println("HostName:"+addr.getHostName());
	}
}


/**
 * 根据域名得到InetAddress对象
 */
package com.InetAddress;

import java.net.InetAddress;

public class Test2 {
	 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	 InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName("www.sxt.cn");//返回sxt服务器的ip
		System.out.println(addr.getHostAddress());
		System.out.println(addr.getHostName());
	 }
}

/**
 * 根据IP得到InetAddress对象
*/
package com.InetAddress;

import java.net.InetAddress;

public class Test3 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
	    InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getByName("59.110.14.7");
	    System.out.println(addr.getHostName());
	    System.out.println(addr.getHostAddress());
	}
}

2、InetSocketAddress
用于包含IP地址和端口信息，常用于socket编程

package com.InetSocketAddress;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

public class Test1 {
	 public static void main(String[] args) {
	 InetSocketAddress addr1 = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",8080);
	 InetSocketAddress addr2 = new InetSocketAddress("localhost",9000);
	 System.out.println(addr1.getHostName());
	 System.out.println(addr2.getAddress());
	 }
}

127.0.0.1
localhost/127.0.0.1

3、URL

统一资源定位符，标识计算机上的资源，是指向互联网资源的指针
资源可以是简单的文件或目录，也可以是更为复杂的对象引用，例如数据库或搜索引擎进行查询

/**
 * URL类的使用
 */
package com.URL;

import java.net.URL;

public class Test1 {
	 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
	 URL u = new URL("http://google.cn.80/webhp#aa?canhu=33");
	 System.out.println("获取与此URL关联的协议默认端口："+u.getDefaultPort());
	 System.out.println("port:"+u.getPort());//端口，如果是www.google.cn:80 则返回80，否则返回-1
	 System.out.println("file:"+u.getFile());//端口后面的内容
	 System.out.println("path:"+u.getPath());//路径，端口号后、参数前的内容
	 System.out.println("protocol:"+u.getProtocol());//协议
	 System.out.println("query:"+u.getQuery());//参数部分
	 System.out.println("host:"+u.getHost());//主机名
	 System.out.println("ref:"+u.getRef());//描点

	 URL u1 = new URL("http://www.abc.com/aa/");
	 URL u2 = new URL(u1,"a.html");
	 System.out.println(u2.toString());
	 }
}


获取与此URL关联的协议默认端口：80
port:-1
file:/webhp
path:/webhp
protocol:http
query:null
host:google.cn.80
ref:aa?canhu=33
http://www.abc.com/aa/a.html

4、最简单的网络爬虫

/**
 * 最简单的网络爬虫
 */
package com.BasicSpider;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class Test1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    URL url = null;
    InputStream is = null;
    BufferedReader br = null;
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    String temp = "";
    try {
        url = new URL("http://www.baidu.com");
        is = url.openStream();
        br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
        while((temp=br.readLine())!=null){
            sb.append(temp);
        }
        System.out.println(sb);

    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }finally {
        try {
            br.close();
            is.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
}

<!DOCTYPE html><!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge><meta content=always name=referrer><link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=http://s1.bdstatic.com/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css><title>百度一下，你就知道</title></head> <body link=#0000cc> <div id=wrapper> <div id=head> <div class=head_wrapper> <div class=s_form> <div class=s_form_wrapper> <div id=lg> <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129> </div> <form id=form name=f action=//www.baidu.com/s class=fm> <input type=hidden name=bdorz_come value=1> <input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8> <input type=hidden name=f value=8> <input type=hidden name=rsv_bp value=1> <input type=hidden name=rsv_idx value=1> <input type=hidden name=tn value=baidu><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input id=kw name=wd class=s_ipt value maxlength=255 autocomplete=off autofocus></span><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type=submit id=su value=百度一下 class="bg s_btn"></span> </form> </div> </div> <div id=u1> <a href=http://news.baidu.com name=tj_trnews class=mnav>新闻</a> <a href=http://www.hao123.com name=tj_trhao123 class=mnav>hao123</a> <a href=http://map.baidu.com name=tj_trmap class=mnav>地图</a> <a href=http://v.baidu.com name=tj_trvideo class=mnav>视频</a> <a href=http://tieba.baidu.com name=tj_trtieba class=mnav>贴吧</a> <noscript> <a href=http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&amp;tpl=mn&amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2f%3fbdorz_come%3d1 name=tj_login class=lb>登录</a> </noscript> <script>document.write('<a href="http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&tpl=mn&u='+ encodeURIComponent(window.location.href+ (window.location.search === "" ? "?" : "&")+ "bdorz_come=1")+ '" name="tj_login" class="lb">登录</a>');</script> <a href=//www.baidu.com/more/ name=tj_briicon class=bri style="display: block;">更多产品</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id=ftCon> <div id=ftConw> <p id=lh> <a href=http://home.baidu.com>关于百度</a> <a href=http://ir.baidu.com>About Baidu</a> </p> <p id=cp>&copy;2017&nbsp;Baidu&nbsp;<a href=http://www.baidu.com/duty/>使用百度前必读</a>&nbsp; <a href=http://jianyi.baidu.com/ class=cp-feedback>意见反馈</a>&nbsp;京ICP证030173号&nbsp; <img src=//www.baidu.com/img/gs.gif> </p> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>

结果：

百度一下，你就知道