springmvc3实现验证码

关于校验码的文章网上非常多，很多人采用开源JCaptcha作为验证码框架，JCaptcha有很多优点，但配置还是复杂，而且生成的图片对于企业级应用来说辨识度低了点，而这有可能会导致客户投诉，本篇采用简单的方式生成辨识度高的验证码，基本满足内部网企业级应用（有些企业的老头老太太基本不能正确输入辨识度低的验证码，大量投诉会搞死开发人员的）：

1、建立校验码服务类，其中图片宽高以及校验码长度可以配置，请仔细测试生成的图片来满足应用需求，提供了两种类型的校验码，一种是数字校验码，一种是字母数字混合校验码，根据企业需要任选一种：

@Service
public class CheckCodeService {

	// 校验码图片宽
	private int width = 85;
	// 校验码图片高
	private int height = 20;
	// 校验码长度
	private int codeLength = 6;
	// 混合字母数字数组
	private String[] charArray = new String[]{"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9",
			"A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R",
			"S","T","U","V","W","X","W","Z"};

	public void setCodeLength(int codeLength) {
		this.codeLength = codeLength;
	}

	public void setWidth(int width) {
		this.width = width;
	}

	public void setHeight(int height) {
		this.height = height;
	}

	/*
	 * 产生随机数字验证码
	 */
	public String generateRandomNumberCode() {
		String sRand = "";
		Random random = new Random();
		for (int i = 0; i < codeLength; i++) {
			sRand += random.nextInt(10);
		}
		return sRand;
	}
	
	/*
	 * 产生随机字母数字混合验证码
	 */
	public String generateRandomMixedCode() {
		String sRand = "";
		Random random = new Random();
		for (int i = 0; i < codeLength; i++) {
			sRand += charArray[random.nextInt(charArray.length)];
		}
		return sRand;
	}

	/*
	 * 取得验证码图片
	 */
	public BufferedImage getImage(String checkCode) {
		// 在内存中创建图象
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
				BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		// 获取图形上下文
		Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
		// 设定背景色
		g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
		g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
		// 设定字体
		g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18));
		// 生成随机类
		Random random = new Random();
		// 随机产生155条干扰线，使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到
		g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
		for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
			int x = random.nextInt(width);
			int y = random.nextInt(height);
			int xl = random.nextInt(12);
			int yl = random.nextInt(12);
			g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
		}
		
		for (int i = 0; i < checkCode.length(); i++) {
			// 将认证码显示到图象中
			g.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random
					.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
			// 调用函数出来的颜色相同，可能是因为种子太接近，所以只能直接生成
			g.drawString(String.valueOf(checkCode.charAt(i)), 13 * i + 6, 16);
		}

		// 图象生效
		g.dispose();
		return image;
	}

	/*
	 * 给定范围获得随机颜色
	 */
	private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
		Random random = new Random();
		if (fc > 255)
			fc = 255;
		if (bc > 255)
			bc = 255;
		int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
		int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
		int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
		return new Color(r, g, b);
	}

}

 2、生成校验码控制器类，其中一个方法产生或刷新校验码图片，另外一个方法校验验证码是否正确，不过校验码是否正确，都会清理掉session中保存的验证码，使得生成的验证码只能使用一次，这是从安全出发采取的一种手段：

 

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/checkCode")
public class CheckCodeController {

	@Autowired
	private CheckCodeService checkCodeService;

	/**
	 * 生成校验码图片
	 * @param request
	 * @param response
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/getImage.do")
	public void getImage(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
		// 禁止缓存
		response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
		response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "No-cache");
		response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
		// 指定生成的响应是图片
		response.setContentType("image/jpeg");

		//String code = checkCodeService.generateRandomNumberCode();
		String code = checkCodeService.generateRandomMixedCode();
		// 将生成的验证码保存到Session中
		HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);
		session.setAttribute("checkCode", code);
		ImageIO.write(checkCodeService.getImage(code),"JPEG",response.getOutputStream());
	}
	
	/**
	 * 验证校验码
	 * @param checkcode
	 * @return 校验码正确返回true
	 */
	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping("/validate.do")
	public boolean validate(String checkcode, HttpServletRequest request){
		HttpSession session = request.getSession(false);
if(session == null){
			return false;
		}
		String code = (String)session.getAttribute("checkCode");
		session.removeAttribute("checkCode");
		if(checkcode!=null && checkcode.length()>0 && checkcode.toUpperCase().equals(code)){
			return true;
		}else{
			return false;
		}
	}

}

 3、前端测试代码，校验成功就转向成功的地址，校验失败，重新获取校验码图片，注意修改测试中图片已经ajax的链接地址：

 

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>test</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/lib/jquery-easyui/themes/default/easyui.css" type="text/css" charset="utf-8"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/lib/jquery-easyui/themes/icon.css" type="text/css" charset="utf-8"/>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/lib/jquery-easyui/jquery-1.8.0.min.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/lib/jquery-easyui/jquery.easyui.min.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/lib/jquery-easyui/locale/easyui-lang-zh_CN.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8">
	$(function() {
		$('#imageCode').click(function() {
			refreshCheckCode();
		});

		$('#submit').click(
				function() {
					$.post("/checkCode/validate.do?checkcode="
							+ $('#checkCode').val(), function(data) {
						if (data) {
							window.top.location.href='需要重定向的页面地址';
						} else {
							refreshCheckCode();
							$.messager.show({
								title:'警告',
								msg:'校验码输入不正确。',
								timeout:5000,
								showType:'slide'
							});
						}
					});
				});

		function refreshCheckCode() {
			var append = '?clearCache=' + new Date().getTime() + 'a'
					+ Math.random();
			$('#imageCode').attr('src', $('#imageCode').attr('src') + append);
		}
	});
</script>
</head>
<body>
	请输入校验码:
	<input id="checkCode" type="text" name="checkcode" />
	<img id="imageCode" src="/checkCode/getImage.do"
		title="看不清，点击换一张" style="cursor: pointer;" />
	<br />
	<input id="submit" type="button" value="提交" />
</body>
</html>