Ubuntu 安装gcc

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-01 16:22:06 发布

wllllllllllllllll

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-01 16:22:06 发布

阅读量1w

点赞数

分类专栏： linux 文章标签： ubuntu gcc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/name_is_wl/article/details/52940646

版权

linux 专栏收录该内容

8 篇文章 1 订阅

订阅专栏

今天作死把ubuntu gcc给卸载了，按照网上的apt-get install build-essential一直报错没有成功索性就直接用安装包安装了。我的Ubuntu是14.04版本的，gcc是4.8.2版本。上网查找一直没有找到4.2.8版本的，有一个却没有下载地址所以逼不得已下载了一个4.8.4版本的，一安装各种的依赖文件版本不够高就开始报错了，所以有把依赖的所有文件给重装了一次。下面给出下载各种安装包的网站http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/gcc-4.8 里面不仅有gcc的安装包下载还有各式各样的安装包以及源码下载，而且各个安装包的依赖关系都明确注明，也可以下载安装，所以需要安装什么都可以在这里面找到。
不多说了进去一看就知道资源有多丰富了！现在来说说gcc的安装。我把我要安装的文件全部都放在了我的/home/wl/Desktop/gcc下如下图
这里写图片描述

root@ubuntu:/home/wl/Desktop/gcc# ll -h
total 12M
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct 26 23:29 ./
drwxr-xr-x 3 wl   wl   4.0K Oct 26 22:28 ../
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4.4M Oct 26 22:30 cpp-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  16K Oct 26 22:36 gcc-4.8-base_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4.9M Oct 26 21:04 gcc-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  62K Oct 26 23:12 libasan0_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8.5K Oct 26 23:11 libatomic1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.7M Oct 26 22:55 libgcc-4.8-dev_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  23K Oct 26 23:06 libgomp1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  28K Oct 26 23:08 libitm1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 124K Oct 26 23:14 libquadmath0_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  93K Oct 26 23:22 libtsan0_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
root@ubuntu:/home/wl/Desktop/gcc#

现在开始安装

root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/gcc-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../gcc-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gcc-4.8 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of gcc-4.8:
 gcc-4.8 depends on cpp-4.8 (= 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3); however:
  Version of cpp-4.8 on system is 4.8.2-19ubuntu1.
 gcc-4.8 depends on gcc-4.8-base (= 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3); however:
  Version of gcc-4.8-base:amd64 on system is 4.8.2-19ubuntu1.
 gcc-4.8 depends on libgcc-4.8-dev (>= 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3); however:
  Version of libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 on system is 4.8.2-19ubuntu1.

dpkg: error processing package gcc-4.8 (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 gcc-4.8
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev#

报错可以看到主要是cpp 、gcc-base 、libgcc 的版本低于gcc-4.8.4的版本要求现在重新安装着3个依赖文件。先装 gcc-base 因为cpp 都依赖于他

gcc-4.8-base_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb  gcc-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb       
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/gcc-4.8-base_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../gcc-4.8-base_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gcc-4.8-base:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
Setting up gcc-4.8-base:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev#

ok 接着同样的安装剩余的两个根据情况的不同可能会出现不一样的依赖，要按照自己的实际情况安装

root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/cpp-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../cpp-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cpp-4.8 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Setting up cpp-4.8 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1) ...
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev#

成功接着 libgcc

root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/libgcc-4.8-dev_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libgcc-4.8-dev_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64:
 libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 depends on libgomp1 (>= 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3); however:
  Version of libgomp1:amd64 on system is 4.8.2-19ubuntu1.
 libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 depends on libitm1 (>= 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3); however:
  Version of libitm1:amd64 on system is 4.8.2-19ubuntu1.
 libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 depends on libatomic1 (>= 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3); however:
  Version of libatomic1:amd64 on system is 4.8.2-19ubuntu1.
 libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 depends on libasan0 (>= 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3); however:
  Version of libasan0:amd64 on system is 4.8.2-19ubuntu1.
 libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 depends on libtsan0 (>= 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3); however:
  Version of libtsan0:amd64 on system is 4.8.2-19ubuntu1.
 libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 depends on libquadmath0 (>= 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3); however:
  Version of libquadmath0:amd64 on system is 4.8.2-19ubuntu1.

dpkg: error processing package libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev#

报错了，libgcc也需要安装依赖文件 libgomp1、libitm1 、libatomic1、libasan0 、libtsan0 、libquadmath0 。知道要安装哪些依赖文件事情就好办了，直接一鼓作气全部安装

root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/libgomp1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb       
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libgomp1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgomp1:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libgomp1:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/lib                                       
libgcc-4.8-dev_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb  libgomp1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb        libitm1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/libitm1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libitm1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libitm1:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libitm1:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/libatomic1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libatomic1_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libatomic1:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libatomic1:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/libasan0_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb   
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libasan0_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libasan0:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libasan0:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/libquadmath0_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libquadmath0_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libquadmath0:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libquadmath0:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev#dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/libtsan0_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb       
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libtsan0_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libtsan0:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.2-19ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libtsan0:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) ...
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/libgcc-4.8-dev_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libgcc-4.8-dev_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Setting up libgcc-4.8-dev:amd64 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) 
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev#

成功!最后安装 gcc-4.8.4

root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# dpkg -i /home/wl/Desktop/gcc/gcc-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 
(Reading database ... 165202 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../gcc-4.8_4.8.4-2ubuntu1-14.04.3_amd64.deb 

Unpacking gcc-4.8 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) over (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Setting up gcc-4.8 (4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1) ...
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev#

完成查看gcc 版本

root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.8/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.8 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.8 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-libmudflap --enable-plugin --with-system-zlib --disable-browser-plugin --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-gtk-cairo --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64/jre --enable-java-home --with-jvm-root-dir=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64 --with-jvm-jar-dir=/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --enable-objc-gc --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.4 (Ubuntu 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3) 
root@ubuntu:/sys/dev# `

大功告成–注意gcc装成功了但是g++并未安装成功。关于g++的安装可以参考gcc的安装。在http://packages.ubuntu.com/trusty/gcc-4.8网站中也可以找到g++的安装包，关于g++的安装会在另一篇博客中详细介绍
安装所需要的.dep文件压缩包下载地址