如果随机遍历 x 具有均值
μ
\mu
μ 和方差
θ
2
\theta^2
θ2,其正态分布概率密度函数如下:
p
(
x
)
=
1
2
π
σ
2
e
x
p
(
−
1
2
σ
2
(
x
−
μ
)
2
)
p(x) = \frac 1{\sqrt{2\pi\sigma^2}}exp(-\frac 1{2\sigma^2}(x - \mu)^2)
p(x)=2πσ21exp(−2σ21(x−μ)2)
def normal(x,mu,sigma):
p = 1 / math.sqrt(2*math.pi*sigma**2)
return p * np.exp(-0.5/sigma**2(x - mu)**2)
可视化正态分布
x = np.arange(-7,7,0.01)
params = [(0,1),(0,2),(3,1)]
d2l.plot(x,[normal(x,mu,sigma) for mu,sigma in params],xlabel = 'x',ylabel = 'p(x)',figsize = (4.5,2.5),legend=[f'mean{mu},std{sigma}' for mu,sigma in params])
结果如下: