运行环境:VS2015
基于https://blog.csdn.net/orange_xxx/article/details/7276868做出了简单修改,可以完全实现双向的数据通信;
TCP通信流程
【来自https://blog.csdn.net/u012801153/article/details/79363575】
Server步骤:
- 加载套接字库,创建套接字(WSAStartup()/socket());
- 绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上(bind());
- 将套接字设置为监听模式等待连接请求(listen());
- 请求到来后,接受连接请求,返回一个新的对应于此次连接的套接字(accept());
- 用返回的套接字和客户端进行通信,接收来自client的信息(recv()),发送回复信息至client(send());
- 返回,等待另一连接请求;
- 关闭套接字,关闭加载的套接字库(closesocket()/WSACleanup())。
Client步骤:
- 加载套接字库,创建套接字(WSAStartup()/socket());
- 绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上(bind());
- 向服务器发出连接请求(connect());
- 和服务器端进行通信,发送请求信息至server(send());接收server的回复信息(recv());
- 关闭套接字,关闭加载的套接字库(closesocket()/WSACleanup())。
github代码:https://github.com/jiangxinyiba/NetworkCommu_demo/tree/master
服务端代码Server.cpp:
#include "winsock2.h"
#include <WS2tcpip.h>
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib") // load the dll of winsock
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
const int BUF_SIZE = 64;
WSADATA wsd; //WSADATA PARAM
SOCKET sServer; //Server Socket
SOCKET sClient; //Client Socket
SOCKADDR_IN servAddr; //Server Addr
SOCKADDR_IN clientAddr; //Client Addr
SOCKADDR_IN connect_Addr; //the Addr that connect this socket (in this demo, connect_Addr = clientAddr)
int connectClientlen = sizeof(connect_Addr);
char bufSend[BUF_SIZE]; //the buffer area of data-send
char bufRecv[BUF_SIZE]; //the buffer area of data-recv
int retVal; //return value
char* closeSymbol = "0"; //symbol of closing communication
char* bufReq = "Request Reply"; // symbol of Request Reply
char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
// Server Addr
servAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", (void*)&servAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr);
servAddr.sin_port = htons((short)5000);
// Client Addr
clientAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", (void*)&clientAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr);
clientAddr.sin_port = htons((short)4999);
// Initialize the dll of winsock
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsd) != 0)
{
cout << "WSAStartup failed !" << endl;
return 1;
}
// Create the Server socket
sServer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
if (INVALID_SOCKET == sServer)
{
cout << "socket failed!" << endl;
WSACleanup();
return -1;
}
else
{
cout << "Server TCP Socket init!" << endl;
}
// Bind the IP and Port on Server Socket
retVal = bind(sServer, (LPSOCKADDR)&servAddr, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
{
cout << "bind failed!" << endl;
closesocket(sServer);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
return -1;
}
else
{
cout << "Server TCP Socket bind IP & Port !" << endl;
cout << "Server Address = " << inet_ntop(AF_INET, &servAddr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)) << ":" << ntohs(servAddr.sin_port) << endl;
}
// Listen the Server socket
retVal = listen(sServer, 10);
if (0 == retVal)
{
cout << "Server Socket is listening !" << endl;
}
else if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
{
cout << "listen failed!" << endl;
closesocket(sServer);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
return -1;
}
cout << "Server Socket is waiting accpetion !" << endl;
sClient = accept(sServer, (sockaddr FAR*)&connect_Addr, &connectClientlen);
if (INVALID_SOCKET == sClient)
{
cout << "accept failed!" << endl;
closesocket(sServer);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
return -1;
}
else
{
cout << "Server get connection with client socket: [" << inet_ntop(AF_INET, &connect_Addr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)) << ":" << ntohs(connect_Addr.sin_port) << "]" << endl;
}
// loop for the data from the accpeted socket/send the data to the socket
while (TRUE)
{
// Initialize the buffer
ZeroMemory(bufRecv, BUF_SIZE);
// Recevice the buffer data from the client
retVal = recv(sClient, bufRecv, BUF_SIZE, 0);
if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
{
continue;
}
// Check the data from client
bufRecv[retVal] = '\0'; // Set the last bit as \0 to avoid the wrong data
cout << "Data recv from Client Socket [" << inet_ntop(AF_INET, &connect_Addr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)) << ":" << ntohs(connect_Addr.sin_port) << "] : " << bufRecv << endl;
// When the data from client is ‘0’,exit the loop and finish TCP Communication
if (!strcmp(bufRecv, closeSymbol))
{
cout << "Client Socket wants to finish this communication" << endl;
closesocket(sServer);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
break;
}
else
{
// Automatically send the request reply to client
send(sClient, bufReq, strlen(bufReq), 0);
}
}
// Exit
closesocket(sServer);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
return 0;
}
客户端代码Client.cpp:
// Client.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
#include "winsock2.h"
#include <WS2tcpip.h>
#include <iostream>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
#define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
const int BUF_SIZE = 64;
WSADATA wsd; //WSADATA Param
SOCKET sClient; //Server Socket
SOCKADDR_IN servAddr; //Server Addr
SOCKADDR_IN clientAddr; //Client Addr
SOCKADDR_IN send_Data_Addr; //the Addr that send the data(in this demo, send_Data_Addr = servAddr)
int nAddrLen = sizeof(clientAddr);
int nAddrLen_s = sizeof(servAddr);
char bufSend[BUF_SIZE]; //the buffer area of data-send
char bufRecv[BUF_SIZE]; //the buffer area of data-recv
int retVal; //return value
char* closeSymbol = "0"; //symbol of close
// Server Addr
servAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", (void*)&servAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr);
servAddr.sin_port = htons((short)5000);
int nServAddlen = sizeof(servAddr);
// Client Addr
clientAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", (void*)&clientAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr);
clientAddr.sin_port = htons((short)4999);
int nClientAddlen = sizeof(clientAddr);
// Initialize the dll of winsock
if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsd) != 0)
{
cout << "WSAStartup failed!" << endl;
return -1;
}
// Create the Server socket
sClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
if (INVALID_SOCKET == sClient)
{
cout << "Socket failed !" << endl;
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
return -1;
}
else
{
cout << "Client Socket init !" << endl;
}
// Bind the client socket with IP and Port
retVal = bind(sClient, (LPSOCKADDR)&clientAddr, sizeof(SOCKADDR_IN));
if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
{
cout << "bind failed!" << endl;
closesocket(sClient);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
return -1;
}
else
{
cout << "Client UDP Socket bind IP & Port !" << endl;
char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN];
cout << "Client Address = " << inet_ntop(AF_INET, &clientAddr.sin_addr, str, sizeof(str)) << ":" << ntohs(clientAddr.sin_port) << endl;
}
// client request connect server socket
retVal = connect(sClient, (LPSOCKADDR)&servAddr, sizeof(servAddr));
if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
{
cout << "Client connect failed!" << endl;
closesocket(sClient);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
return -1;
}
else
{
cout << "Client connect with Server socket" << endl;
}
// loop for the data from the connected socket/send the data to the server socket
while (true) {
// Initialize the buffer
ZeroMemory(bufSend, BUF_SIZE);
// Send the data from client socket to Server Socket
cout << "Data send to Server Socket: ";
cin >> bufSend;
retVal = send(sClient, bufSend, strlen(bufSend), 0);
if (SOCKET_ERROR == retVal)
{
cout << "Send failed!" << endl;
closesocket(sClient);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
return -1;
}
// When the data from another socket is ‘0’,exit the loop and finish TCP Communication
if (!strcmp(bufSend, closeSymbol))
{
cout << "Client Socket wants to finish this communication" << endl;
break;
}
// Receive data from server socket
retVal = recv(sClient, bufRecv, BUF_SIZE, 0);
bufRecv[retVal] = '\0';
cout << "Data recv from Server Socket: " << bufRecv << endl;
}
closesocket(sClient);
WSACleanup();
Sleep(5000);
return 0;
}
注意事项
-
inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", (void*)&servAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr);这句话是替代了inet_addr的作用,vs2015里面inet_addr好像不能用了,只能用inet_pton替代,之前需要添加#include <WS2tcpip.h>。这里是单机内两个进程间的通信,最后采用的是127.0.0.1的localhost作为IP地址。
-
WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsaData):其中MAKEWORD(2,2)表示使用WINSOCK2版本,wsaData用来存储系统传回的关于WINSOCK的资料;
-
ZeroMemory(bufSend, BUF_SIZE); //端口发送数据,需要在每次交互前,把之前的buf数据清空,避免缓冲区冗余;但是不能对这个端口的接受数据的缓冲bufRecv清空;这样会造成永久性的空接受情况。
-
retVal = recv(sClient, bufRecv,BUF_SIZE , 0); //端口接受另一个端口数据,字符位要选择允许的满字符,这里为BUF_SIZE,确保每次都能把另一个端口的数据全都接收到;其中retVal记录了这组数据的长度;
-
这里需要注意,不论是客户端还是服务端,recv和send的第一个参数都是sClient,即客户端的socket,即在TCP通信中recv和send函数的第一个参数应该是发起connect连接的socket。
-
bufRecv[retVal] = '\0'; //每次接受到的数据因为没有初始化,初始结构都是“烫烫烫烫”,在接受到后,会把前面的若干位变成接受的数据,但是后面还是都为烫,因此需要这个语句将接受数据的缓冲收尾,接受有效的前面若干位数据,剔除烫烫烫烫。
-
最后通过输入0来结束本次通信,若客户端发送了一个"0",那就表示需要结束本次通信,两个进程会在5秒内自动关闭。
-
两个代码分别放于两个项目中,先运行启动服务端代码,然后运行客户端代码,就可以进行本机的两端通信调试。若先启动了客户端,由于代码保护,一旦客户端无法找到可以连接的服务端,客户端会马上关闭;而先打开服务端的话,服务端会一直处于等待连接状态。