一、需求分析
(1)访问带有验证码的登录页面login.jsp
(2)用户输入用户名,密码以及验证码。
* 如果用户名和密码输入有误,跳转登录页面,提示:用户名或密码错误
* 如果验证码输入有误,跳转登录页面,提示:验证码错误
* 如果全部输入正确,则跳转到主页success.jsp,显示:用户名,欢迎您
二、代码实现
1. login.jsp
<html>
<head>
<title>Login</title>
<script>
onload = function () {
document.getElementById("img").onclick = function () {
this.src = "/checkCodeServlet?time=" + new Date().getTime();
}
}
</script>
<style>
div{
color: red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/loginServlet" method="post">
<table align="center">
<tr>
<td>用户名</td>
<td><input type="text" name="username"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td><input type="password" name="password"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>验证码</td>
<td><input type="text" name="checkCode"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><img id="img" src="/checkCodeServlet"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="登录"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
<%--通过三目运算符输出返回的错误信息--%>
<div>
<%=request.getAttribute("cc_error") == null ?"":request.getAttribute("cc_error")%>
</div>
<div>
<%=request.getAttribute("login_error") == null ?"":request.getAttribute("login_error")%>
</div>
</body>
</html>
2. loginServlet.java
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class loginServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 1. 设置 request 编码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
// 2. 获取参数使用Map获取所有的参数
Map<String, String[]> map = request.getParameterMap();
// 3. 创建 User 对象
User user = new User();
// 使用 BeanUtils 进行封装
try {
BeanUtils.populate(user,map);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 4. 获取生成的验证码
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String chechkCode_session = String.valueOf(session.getAttribute("checkCode_session"));
// 获取之后就删除本次的验证码,防止回退操作导致验证码不改变登录成功
session.removeAttribute("checkCode_session");
// 5. 判断验证码的正确性,忽略大小写,依次判断用户名,密码是否一致
if (chechkCode_session != null && chechkCode_session.equalsIgnoreCase(user.getCheckCode())){
System.out.println("user :" + user);
// 调用 UserDao 的 login 方法判断用户名密码是否对应数据库中的值
UserDao userDao = new UserDao();
User login = userDao.login(user);
if (login == null){
// 登录失败,存储提示信息到 request
request.setAttribute("login_err","用户名或密码错误");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
}else {
System.out.println("登录成功 !!!");
// 登录成功,存储信息,重定向到 success.jsp
session.setAttribute("user",login.getUsername());
// 重定向到 success.jsp
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/success.jsp");
}
}else {
// 验证码不一致,存储信息到 request
request.setAttribute("cc_error","验证码错误!!!");
// 转发到登录页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
}
3. CheckCodeServlet.java
@WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
int width = 100;
int height = 50;
//1.创建一对象,在内存中图片(验证码图片对象)
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//2.美化图片
//2.1 填充背景色
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();//画笔对象
g.setColor(Color.PINK);//设置画笔颜色
g.fillRect(0,0,width,height);
//2.2画边框
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.drawRect(0,0,width - 1,height - 1);
String str = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghigklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
//生成随机角标
Random ran = new Random();
StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();//添加字符串
for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
int index = ran.nextInt(str.length());
//获取字符
char ch = str.charAt(index);//随机字符
stringBuffer.append(ch);
//2.3写验证码
g.drawString(ch+"",width/5*i,height/2);
}
// 将验证码写入 session
String checkCode_session = stringBuffer.toString();
request.getSession().setAttribute("checkCode_session",checkCode_session);
//2.4画干扰线
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
//随机生成坐标点
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
int x1 = ran.nextInt(width);
int x2 = ran.nextInt(width);
int y1 = ran.nextInt(height);
int y2 = ran.nextInt(height);
g.drawLine(x1,y1,x2,y2);
}
//3.将图片输出到页面展示
ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",response.getOutputStream());
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
4. 其他代码
success.jsp
<body>
<h1>
<%=request.getSession().getAttribute("user")%>,欢迎访问!!!
</h1>
</body>