数据结构C //线性表（链表）ADT结构及相关函数

数据结构（C语言版）严蔚敏 吴伟民

线性表（链表）ADT结构及相关函数

环境：Linux Ubuntu（云服务器）

工具：vim

 

代码块（头文件，函数文件，主文件）

linklist.h头文件

/*************************************************************************
	> File Name: linklist.h
	> Author: 
	> Mail: 
	> Created Time: Thu 12 Sep 2024 10:37:03 AM CST
 ************************************************************************/

#ifndef _LINKLIST_H
#define _LINKLIST_H

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
#define OK 1
#define ERROR 0
#define INFEASIBLE -1
#define OVERFLOW -2
#define NOEXIST -3

typedef int Status;
typedef int ElemType;

typedef struct LNode{
	ElemType data;
	int length;
	struct LNode *next;
}LNode, *LinkList;

#define DATAFMT "%d"

void CreateList_L(LinkList &L, int n);

Status DestroyList_L(LinkList &L);

Status ListEmpty_L(LinkList L);

Status GetElem_L(LinkList L, int i, ElemType &e);

int equal(ElemType a, ElemType b);

Status LocateElem_L(LinkList L, ElemType e, int equal(ElemType, ElemType));

Status PriorElem_L(LinkList L, ElemType cur_e, ElemType &pre_e);

Status NextElem_L(LinkList L, ElemType cur_e, ElemType &next_e);

Status ListInsert_L(LinkList &L, int i, ElemType e);

Status ListDelete_L(LinkList &L, int i, ElemType &e);

Status ClearList_L(LinkList &L);

Status visit(ElemType e);

Status ListTraverse_L(LinkList L, Status visit(ElemType));

void unionList_L(LinkList &La, LinkList Lb);

void MergeList_L(LinkList &La, LinkList &Lb, LinkList &Lc);

#endif

linklist.c函数文件

/*************************************************************************
	> File Name: linklist.c
	> Author: 
	> Mail: 
	> Created Time: Thu 12 Sep 2024 10:40:09 AM CST
 ************************************************************************/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "linklist.h"

void CreateList_L(LinkList &L, int n) {
	printf("Enter ");
	printf(DATAFMT, n);
	printf(" elem list: ");
	L = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	L->next = NULL;
	int i;
	LNode *q = L;
	for(i = n; i > 0; --i) {
		LNode *p = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
		scanf(DATAFMT, &p->data);
		p->next = q->next;
		q->next = p;
		q = p;
	}
	L->length = n;
}//CreateList_L

Status DestroyList_L(LinkList &L) {
	free(L);

	return OK;
}//DestroyList_L

Status ListEmpty_L(LinkList L) {
	return L->length == 0 ? TRUE : FALSE;
}//ListEmpty_L

Status GetElem_L(LinkList L, int i, ElemType &e) {
	if(i < 1 || i > L->length) {
		return ERROR;
	}

	LinkList p = L->next;
	int j = 1;
	while(p && j < i) {
		p = p->next;
		++j;
	}
	if(!p || j > i) {
		return ERROR;
	}
	e = p->data;
	return OK;
}//GetElem_L

int equal(ElemType a, ElemType b) {
	return a == b ? TRUE : FALSE;
}//equal

Status LocateElem_L(LinkList L, ElemType e, int equal(ElemType, ElemType)) {
	int i;
	LNode *p = L->next;
	for(i = 1; p != NULL; i++, p = p->next) {
		if(equal(e, p->data)) {
			return i;
		}
	}

	return FALSE;
}//LocateElem_L

Status PriorElem_L(LinkList L, ElemType cur_e, ElemType &pre_e) {
	LNode *p = L->next;
	LNode *q = NULL;
	while(p && p->data != cur_e) {
        q = p;  // Store the previous node
        p = p->next;
    }

	if (!q) {
        return ERROR;  // If q is still NULL, it means the current element is the first one
    }

    if (!p) {
        return NOEXIST;  // If the current element is not found, return NOEXIST
    }

    pre_e = q->data;
    return OK;
}//PriorElem_L

Status NextElem_L(LinkList L, ElemType cur_e, ElemType &next_e) {
	LNode *p = L->next;
    while (p && p->data != cur_e) {
        p = p->next;
    }

	if (!p) {
        return NOEXIST;  // If current element is not found, return NOEXIST
    }

	if (!p->next) {
        return ERROR;  // If there is no next element, return ERROR
    }

    next_e = p->next->data;
    return OK;
}//NextElem_L

Status ListInsert_L(LinkList &L, int i, ElemType e) {
	LinkList p = L;
	int j = 0;
	while(p && j < i - 1) {
		p = p->next;
		++j;
	}
	if(!p || j > i - 1) {
		return ERROR;
	}
	LNode *s = (LinkList)malloc(sizeof(LNode));
	s->data = e;
	s->next = p->next;
	p->next = s;
	L->length++;
	return OK;
}//ListInsert_L

Status ListDelete_L(LinkList &L, int i, ElemType &e) {
	LinkList p = L;
	int j = 0;
	while(p->next && j < i - 1) {
		p = p->next;
		++j;
	}
	if(!(p->next) || j > i - 1) {
		return ERROR;
	}
	LNode *q = p->next;
	p->next = q->next;
	e = q->data;
	free(q);
	L->length--;
	return OK;
}//ListDelete_L

Status ClearList_L(LinkList &L) {
	ElemType e;
	while(L->length != 0) {
		ListDelete_L(L, 1, e);
	}

	return OK;
}//ClearList_L

Status visit(ElemType e) {
	if(!e) return ERROR;
	printf(DATAFMT, e);
	printf(" ");
	return OK;
}//visit

Status ListTraverse_L(LinkList L, Status visit(ElemType)) {
	printf("List traverse: ");
	LinkList p;
	for(p = L->next; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
		if(!visit(p->data)) {
			return FALSE;
		}
	}
	printf("\n");
	return OK;
}//ListTraverse_L

void unionList_L(LinkList &La, LinkList Lb) {
	int La_len = La->length;
	int Lb_len = Lb->length;
	int i;
	ElemType e;
	for(i = 1; i <= Lb_len; i++) {
		GetElem_L(Lb, i, e);
		if(!LocateElem_L(La, e, equal)) {
			ListInsert_L(La, ++La_len, e);
		}
	}
}//unionList_L

void MergeList_L(LinkList &La, LinkList &Lb, LinkList &Lc) {
	LNode *pa = La->next;
	LNode *pb = Lb->next;
	LNode *pc;
	Lc = pc = La;
	while(pa && pb) {
		if(pa->data <= pb->data) {
			pc->next = pa;
			pc = pa;
			pa = pa->next;
		}
		else {
			pc->next = pb;
			pc = pb;
			pb = pb->next;
		}
	}
	pc->next = pa ? pa : pb;
	free(Lb);
}//MergeList_L

main.c主文件

/*************************************************************************
	> File Name: main.c
	> Author: 
	> Mail: 
	> Created Time: Thu 12 Sep 2024 10:41:49 AM CST
 ************************************************************************/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "linklist.h"
#include "linklist.c"

int main() {
	LinkList L;
	
	//Input the list and traverse it
	CreateList_L(L, 10);
	ListTraverse_L(L, visit);

	//Determine whether the list is empty
	if(ListEmpty_L(L)) {
		printf("List is empty!\n\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("List is not empty!\n\n");
	}

	//Clear the list
	printf("Prepare clear the list...\n");
	if(ClearList_L(L)) {
		printf("List is clear!\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("List is not clear!\n");
	}
	ListTraverse_L(L, visit);
	//After clearing the list, check whether the list is empty
	if(ListEmpty_L(L)) {
		printf("List is empty!\n\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("List is not empty!\n\n");
	}

	//Input the list again
	CreateList_L(L, 10);
	printf("\n");

	//Input the number of the element you want to get
	int num1;
	printf("Enter the number of the element you want to get: ");
	scanf("%d", &num1);
	ElemType e1;
	if(GetElem_L(L, num1, e1)) {
		printf("No.%d Elem is ", num1);
		printf(DATAFMT, e1);
		printf(".\n\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("The number is error!\n\n");
	}

	//Input the element you want to locate
	ElemType elem;
	printf("Eneter the element you want to locate: ");
	scanf(DATAFMT, &elem);
	if(LocateElem_L(L, elem, equal)) {
		printf("The position of the element ");
		printf(DATAFMT, elem);
		printf(" is %d.\n\n", LocateElem_L(L, elem, equal));
	}
	else {
		printf("The list doesn't have the elem!\n\n");
	}

	//Input the element for which you want to get the priority element
	ElemType num2, e2;
	printf("Enter the element for which you want to get the priority element: ");
	scanf(DATAFMT, &num2);
	if(PriorElem_L(L, num2, e2) == -3) {
		printf("The elem ");
		printf(DATAFMT, num2);
		printf(" doesn't exist!\n\n");
	}
	else if(PriorElem_L(L, num2, e2) == 0) {
		printf("The elem ");
		printf(DATAFMT, num2);
		printf(" doesn't have prior elem.\n\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("The prior elem of ");
		printf(DATAFMT, num2);
		printf(" is ");
		printf(DATAFMT, e2);
		printf(".\n\n");
	}

	//Input the element for which you want to get the next element
	ElemType num3, e3;
	printf("Enter the element for which you want to get the next element: ");
	scanf(DATAFMT, &num3);
	if(NextElem_L(L, num3, e3) == -3) {
		printf("The elem ");
		printf(DATAFMT, num3);
		printf(" dosen't exist!\n\n");
	}
	else if(NextElem_L(L, num3, e3) == 0) {
		printf("The elem ");
		printf(DATAFMT, num3);
		printf(" dosen't have next elem.\n\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("The next elem of ");
		printf(DATAFMT, num3);
		printf(" is ");
		printf(DATAFMT, e3);
		printf(".\n\n");
	}

	//Input the element and the location you want to insert
	int num4;
	ElemType e4;
	printf("Enter the element you want to insert: ");
	scanf(DATAFMT, &e4);
	printf("Enter the location you want to insert: ");
	scanf("%d", &num4);
	while(num4 < 1 || num4 > L->length) {
		printf("Error Location! Retry!\n");
		printf("Enter the location you want to insert: ");
		scanf("%d", &num4);
	}
	printf("Insert elem ");
	printf(DATAFMT, e4);
	printf(" to position %d...\n", num4);
	ListInsert_L(L, num4, e4);
	ListTraverse_L(L, visit);
	printf("\n");

	//Input the number of the element you want to delete
	int num5;
	printf("Enter the number of the element you want to delete: ");
	scanf("%d", &num5);
	while(num5 < 1 || num5 > L->length) {
		printf("Error Number! Retry!\n");
		printf("Enter the number of the element you want to delete: ");
		scanf("%d", &num5);
	}
	ElemType e5;
	printf("Prepare delete the No.%d elem...\n", num5);
	ListDelete_L(L, num5, e5);
	printf("The delete elem is ");
	printf(DATAFMT, e5);
	printf(".\n");
	ListTraverse_L(L, visit);
	printf("\n");

	//Destroy the list
	printf("Prepare destroy the list...\n");
	if(DestroyList_L(L)) {
		printf("List is destroyed!\n\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("List is not destroyed!\n\n");
	}

	//Use unionList_L methods
	LinkList La1, Lb1;
	CreateList_L(La1, 5);
	ListTraverse_L(La1, visit);
	CreateList_L(Lb1, 5);
	ListTraverse_L(Lb1, visit);

	printf("\nUnion List La1 and Lb1...\n");
	unionList_L(La1, Lb1);
	ListTraverse_L(La1, visit);
	printf("\n");

	//Use MergeList_L methods
	LinkList La2, Lb2, Lc;
	CreateList_L(La2, 5);
	ListTraverse_L(La2, visit);
	CreateList_L(Lb2, 5);
	ListTraverse_L(Lb2, visit);

	printf("\nMerge List La2 and Lb2...\n");
	MergeList_L(La2, Lb2, Lc);
	ListTraverse_L(Lc, visit);

	return 0;
}

运行结果显示如下：