C //例 9.7 有n个结构体变量，内含学生学号、姓名和3门课程的成绩。要求输出平均成绩最高的学生的信息（包括学号、姓名、3门课程成绩和平均成绩）。

C程序设计 （第四版） 谭浩强 例9.7

例 9.7 有n个结构体变量，内含学生学号、姓名和3门课程的成绩。要求输出平均成绩最高的学生的信息（包括学号、姓名、3门课程成绩和平均成绩）。

IDE工具：VS2010

Note: 使用不同的IDE工具可能有部分差异。

 

代码块

方法：使用指针，结构体，动态分配内存

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define N 3

struct Student{
	int num;
	char name[20];
	float score[3];
	float aver;
};

void initialStu(Student **stu, int n){
	*stu = (Student*)malloc(n * sizeof(Student));
}

void inputStu(Student *stu, int n){
	printf("Enter %d student info:\n", n);
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
		printf("Enter No.%d student number: ", i + 1);
		scanf("%d", &stu[i].num);
		while(stu[i].num < 100 || stu[i].num > 999){
			printf("Number Error! Retry!\nEnter No.%d student number: ", i + 1);
			scanf("%d", &stu[i].num);
		}
		fflush(stdin);
		printf("Enter No.%d student name: ", i + 1);
		gets(stu[i].name);
		float sum = 0.0;
		for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++){
			printf("Enter No.%d student No.%d course score: ", i + 1, j + 1);
			scanf("%f", &stu[i].score[j]);
			while(stu[i].score[j] < 0 || stu[i].score[j] > 100){
				printf("Score Error! Retry!\nEnter No.%d student No.%d course score: ", i + 1, j + 1);
				scanf("%f", &stu[i].score);
			}
			sum += stu[i].score[j];
		}
		stu[i].aver = sum / 3;
		printf("\n");
	}
	printf("\n");
}

void outputHighScoreStu(Student *stu, int n){
	float max = 0.0;
	int maxStu;
	for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
		if(stu[i].aver > max){
			max = stu[i].aver;
			maxStu = i;
		}
	}
	printf("The student with the highest average score:\n");
	printf("Number: %d\nName: %-14s\nScore: ", stu[maxStu].num, stu[maxStu].name);
	for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++){
		printf("%.2f ", stu[maxStu].score[i]);
	}
	printf("\nAverage Score: %.2f\n", stu[maxStu].aver);
}

void function(Student *stu, int n, void (*fun[])(Student*, int)){
	for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++){
		fun[i](stu, n);
	}
}

int main(){
	Student *stu = NULL;

	void (*fun[3])(Student*, int) = {inputStu, outputHighScoreStu};

	initialStu(&stu, N);
	function(stu, N, fun);
	free(stu);
	
	system("pause");
    return 0;
}