fork与exit、_exit的配合使用

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-27 20:18:03 发布

nerdX

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-27 20:18:03 发布

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分类专栏： Linux环境编程

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/nerdx/article/details/20692901

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当标准输出重定向到文件时，由于stdio缓冲区的复制，使用fork()创建子进程可能导致输出重复。通过fflush()清空缓冲区、使用_setvbuf()禁用缓冲或子进程调用_exit()避免此问题。exit()会触发stdio缓冲区的刷新，而_exit()则不会。write()的输出不会重复，因为它直接写入内核缓冲区。

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#include "light.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    printf("Hello world\n");
    write(STDOUT_FILENO, "Ciao\n", 5);
    if (fork() == -1)
        errExit("fork");
    /* Both child and parent continue execution here */
    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

When we run this program with standard output directed to the terminal, we see the expected result:
$ ./fork_stdio_buf
Hello world
Ciao
However, when we redirect standard output to a file, we see the following:
$ ./fork_stdio_buf > a
$ cat a
Ciao
Hello world
Hello world


Why?
recall that the stdio buffers are maintained in a process's user-space memory.
Therefore, these buffers are duplicated in the child by fork(). When standard out-put is 
directed to a terminal, it is line-buffered by default, with the result that the newline-terminated 
string written by printf() appears immediately. However, when standard output is directed to a 
file, it is block-buffer