手写findviewbyid和使用注解给变量赋值

手写findviewbyid和使用注解给变量赋值
使用到注解和反射
注解本身没有什么含义，只有配合反射和插桩技术时才能体现价值

我们平时要初始化view都需要调用findviewbyid，那我们可不可以省去这一步呢？答案当然是可以的，下面我们就一块看看具体是怎么实现的。

首先要了解注解和反射，不理解的小伙伴，去百度查一下，这里就不一一解释了

//findviewbyid 的注解
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface AutoFindView {

   @IdRes int value();
}

用于初始化，在setcontentview之后调用就可以了

public class InitView {

    public static void init(Activity activity) throws IllegalAccessException {
        Class<? extends Activity> aClass = activity.getClass();
        Intent intent = activity.getIntent();
        Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
        Field[] fields = aClass.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field field : fields) {
          
            if (field.isAnnotationPresent(AutoFindView.class)){
                View view = activity.findViewById(field.getAnnotation(AutoFindView.class).value());
                field.setAccessible(true);
                field.set(activity,view);
            }
        }
    }
}

调用示例

@AutoFindView(R.id.editText)
    private EditText editText;
    
 protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.a_layout);
        try {
            InitView.init(this);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

我们还可以利用反射+注解实现变量自动复制，比如当我们使用intent传值的时候

 Intent intent = new Intent(this,BActivity.class);
        intent.putExtra("name",editText.getText().toString());
        startActivity(intent);

在BActivity中接收

  @AutoValue
    private String name;
    private String TAG = getClass().getName();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        try {
            InitView.init(this);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        Log.e(TAG, "onCreate: name:"+name );
    }

赋值的注解

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface AutoValue {

    String value() default "";
}

完整的InitView

public class InitView {

    public static void init(Activity activity) throws IllegalAccessException {
        Class<? extends Activity> aClass = activity.getClass();
        Intent intent = activity.getIntent();
        Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
        Field[] fields = aClass.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field field : fields) {
            if (field.isAnnotationPresent(AutoValue.class)) {
                Object o = extras.get(field.getName());
                 String autoValue = field.getAnnotation(AutoValue.class).value();
                String key = TextUtils.isEmpty(autoValue)?field.getName():autoValue;
                if (extras.keySet().contains(key)) {
                    Object o = extras.get(field.getName());
                    Class<?> componentType = field.getType().getComponentType();
                    //Parcelabled数组需要特殊处理一下
                    if (field.getType().isArray() && Parcelable.class.isAssignableFrom(componentType)) {
                        Object[] objects = (Object[]) o;

                        Object[] objects2 = Arrays.copyOf(objects, objects.length, (Class<? extends Object[]>) field.getType());

                        o = objects2;
                    }
                if (o != null) {
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    field.set(activity,o);
                }
            }
            if (field.isAnnotationPresent(AutoFindView.class)){
                View view = activity.findViewById(field.getAnnotation(AutoFindView.class).value());
                field.setAccessible(true);
                field.set(activity,view);
            }
        }
    }
}