一、实验拓扑图:
二、 实验步骤
1.首先我们需要给各路由器配置接口IP地址,和环回地址。
[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip ad
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 16.0.0.1 24
Jul 10 2024 23:06:27-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 116.0.0.1 24
Jul 10 2024 23:07:04-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.2.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 26.0.0.1 24
Jul 10 2024 23:16:24-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.3.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 36.0.0.1 24
Jul 10 2024 23:18:47-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.4.1 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.1 24
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.5.1 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 56.0.0.1 24
Jul 10 2024 23:23:01-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip address 6.6.6.6 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 16.0.0.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 116.0.0.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 56.0.0.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 26.0.0.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet4/0/1]ip address 36.0.0.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet4/0/2]ip address 46.0.0.2 24
2.接下来,我们需要配置所有路由器的缺省,使得公网全通
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 116.0.0.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 16.0.0.2
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 26.0.0.2
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 36.0.0.2
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 56.0.0.2
3.用ping 测试
[R1]ping 46.0.0.1
PING 46.0.0.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Reply from 46.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms
Reply from 46.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=20 ms
Reply from 46.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=20 ms
Reply from 46.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=40 ms
--- 46.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 20/27/40 ms
[R1]ping 56.0.0.1
PING 56.0.0.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Reply from 56.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms
Reply from 56.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=20 ms
Reply from 56.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=30 ms
Reply from 56.0.0.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=20 ms
--- 56.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
4 packet(s) received
20.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 20/25/30 ms
4.R1/R4/R5为全连的MGRE结构,按照要求配置
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.6.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 16.0.0.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.2 46.0.0.1 register
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.3 56.0.0.1 register
[R4]int
[R4]int t
[R4]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]ip ad
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.6.2 24
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]r
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]tun
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]s
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]source 46.0.0.1
Jul 10 2024 23:49:17-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.1 16.0.0.1 register
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.3 56.0.0.1 register
[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.6.3 24
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source 56.0.0.1
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.1 16.0.0.1 register
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.6.4 46.0.0.1 register
配置完所有后,检查表:
[R4]display nhrp peer all
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Protocol-addr Mask NBMA-addr NextHop-addr Type Flag
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
192.168.6.1 32 16.0.0.1 192.168.6.1 static hub
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0
Created time : 00:05:34
Expire time : --
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Protocol-addr Mask NBMA-addr NextHop-addr Type Flag
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
192.168.6.3 32 56.0.0.1 192.168.6.3 static hub
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/0
Created time : 00:05:15
Expire time : --
Number of nhrp peers: 2
4.R1/R2/R3均为星形拓扑结构,其中R1 为中心站点
[R1]int t
[R1]int Tunnel 0/0/1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]ip add
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 192.168.7.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]tun
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]sou
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]source 116.0.0.1
Jul 10 2024 23:57:17-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp n
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp network-id 100
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]nh
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp en
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry mu
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry multicast d
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[R2]int Tunnel 0/0/1
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]ip ad
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 192.168.7.2 24
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]t
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]tun
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]nh
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp n
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp network-id 100
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]sou
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]source G
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Jul 10 2024 23:59:21-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp e
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry 192.168.7.1 116.0.0.1 re
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry 192.168.7.1 116.0.0.1 register
[R3]int t
[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/1
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]ip ad
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 192.168.7.3 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]tun
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]sou
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]source G
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Jul 11 2024 00:00:41-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp n
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]n
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]nh
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp en
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry 192.168.7.1 116.0.01 re
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry 192.168.7.1 116.0.01 register
检查
[R2]display nhrp peer all
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Protocol-addr Mask NBMA-addr NextHop-addr Type Flag
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
192.168.7.1 32 116.0.0.1 192.168.7.1 static hub
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tunnel interface: Tunnel0/0/1
Created time : 00:02:28
Expire time : --
Number of nhrp peers: 1
5.使用OSPF配置路由
[R1]ospf 1rou
[R1]ospf 1 rou
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]are
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.255
[R2]ospf 1
[R2]ospf 1 rou
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
Info: The configuration succeeded. You need to restart the OSPF process to valid
ate the new router ID.
[R2-ospf-1]are 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Jul 11 2024 00:10:41-08:00 R2 %%01OSPF/4/CONFLICT_ROUTERID_INTF(l)[1]:OSPF Route
r id conflict is detected on interface. (ProcessId=256, RouterId=1.1.1.1, AreaId
=0.0.0.0, InterfaceName=Tunnel0/0/1, IpAddr=2.7.168.192, PacketSrcIp=1.7.168.19
2)
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
[R3]ospf 1 rou
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]are
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.7.0 0.0.0.255
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]are
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
Jul 11 2024 00:13:54-08:00 R5 %%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[0]:Neighbor changes eve
nt: neighbor status changed. (ProcessId=256, NeighborAddress=2.6.168.192, Neighb
orEvent=HelloReceived, NeighborPreviousState=Down, NeighborCurrentState=Init)
此时在r1上ping其他路由只能ping通192.168.2.1,原因是因为跟MGRE环境下接口的网络类型有关,它是以P2P的工作方式进行的,P2P是点到点的工作方式,且P2P是不需要进行DR/BDR的选举的,它只能建立一个邻居,所以我们需要更改网络类型为breadcast
6.紧接着更改网络类型
[R1]int t0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]int t0/0/1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf network-type broadcast
R2]int t0/0/1
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf network-type broadcast
[R3-ospf-1]int t0/0/1
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf network-type broadcast
[R4]int t0/0/0
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R5-ospf-1]int t0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
7接下来修改R2 和R3 的接口优先级
[R2]int t0/0/1
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]os
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf d
[R2-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf dr-priority 0
[R3]int t
[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/1
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]os
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf d
[R3-Tunnel0/0/1]ospf dr-priority 0
最后完成所有步骤后,紧接着测试所有设备:
[R1]ping 192.168.4.1
PING 192.168.4.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
Reply from 192.168.4.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms
--- 192.168.4.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 20/26/30 ms