Qt中的TCP通信

简述

    Qt的TCP通信类在network模块中。主要使用了两个类 QTcpServer和QTcpSocket。它们封装个不同操作系统的通信套接字，使用起来也一样。

      QTcpServer：主要用在服务端，用来监听客户端的连接请求。有两个常用的接口

           newConnection()：                这个是一个信号，当QTcpServer检测到有客户端连接时会发出。

           nextPendingConnection();     用于获取已经和客户端连接成功后的套接字QTcpSocket，主要用于和客户端通信。

      QTcpSocket：                            主要用两端的互相通信，常用的接口

          readAll();                                  从QTcpSocket读取数据

          write();                                     向QTcpSocket写数据

          disconnectFromHost();           断开连接

实现    Qt4.8

服务端：

serverwid.h

#ifndef SERVERWID_H
#define SERVERWID_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpServer>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QTextEdit>

namespace Ui {
class ServerWid;
}

class ServerWid : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
    
public:
    explicit ServerWid(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~ServerWid();
    
    void initWidget();

private slots:
    void getTcpSocket();
    void sendData();
    void ReceData();

    void CloseWid();
private:
    Ui::ServerWid *ui;

    QTcpServer *m_TcpServer;
    QTcpSocket *m_TcpSocket;

    QPushButton *m_SendButton;
    QPushButton *m_CloseButton;

    QTextEdit *m_SendText;
    QTextEdit *m_ReceText;
};

#endif // SERVERWID_H

serverwid.cpp

#include "serverwid.h"
#include "ui_serverwid.h"

#include <QDebug>
#include <QWidget>
#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <QVBoxLayout>

ServerWid::ServerWid(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::ServerWid)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    initWidget();

    //监听套接字
    m_TcpServer = new QTcpServer(this);
    m_TcpServer->listen(QHostAddress::Any, 5555);

    m_TcpSocket = NULL;
    //监听客户端连接信号槽
    connect(m_TcpServer, SIGNAL(newConnection()), this, SLOT(getTcpSocket()));

    //发送按钮信号槽
    connect(m_SendButton, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(sendData()));
    //关闭按钮信号槽
    connect(m_CloseButton, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(CloseWid()));
}

ServerWid::~ServerWid()
{
    delete ui;
}

//界面初始化
void ServerWid::initWidget()
{
    this->resize(800,600);
    this->setWindowTitle("ServerWidget");

    QVBoxLayout *VLayoutText = new QVBoxLayout(this);
    VLayoutText->setMargin(8);
    QWidget *TextWidget = new QWidget(this);
    TextWidget->setLayout(VLayoutText);
    m_ReceText = new QTextEdit(TextWidget);
    m_ReceText->setReadOnly(true);
    m_SendText = new QTextEdit(TextWidget);
    m_SendText->setMaximumHeight(100);
    VLayoutText->addWidget(m_ReceText);
    VLayoutText->addWidget(m_SendText);


    QHBoxLayout *HLayoutButton = new QHBoxLayout(this);
    HLayoutButton->setMargin(8);
    QWidget *ButtonWidget = new QWidget(this);
    ButtonWidget->setLayout(HLayoutButton);
    m_SendButton = new QPushButton(this);
    m_SendButton->setText(QString("Send").toUtf8().data());
    m_CloseButton = new QPushButton(this);
    m_CloseButton->setText(QString("Close").toUtf8().data());
    HLayoutButton->addWidget(m_SendButton);
    HLayoutButton->addStretch();
    HLayoutButton->addWidget(m_CloseButton);

    QVBoxLayout *VLayoutMain = new QVBoxLayout(this);
    VLayoutMain->setMargin(2);
    this->setLayout(VLayoutMain);
    VLayoutMain->addWidget(TextWidget);
    VLayoutMain->addWidget(ButtonWidget);
}

//取出建立好链接的套接字
void ServerWid::getTcpSocket()
{
    m_TcpSocket = m_TcpServer->nextPendingConnection();
    //接收客户端数据信号槽
    connect(m_TcpSocket, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(ReceData()));

    //获取对方的ip和端口
    QString ip = m_TcpSocket->peerAddress().toString();
    qint16 port =   m_TcpSocket->peerPort();

    QString temp = QString("have a client succeed connect!  ip:%1  port:%2").arg(ip).arg(port);
    m_ReceText->append(temp);

}

//发送数据
void ServerWid::sendData()
{
    QString str = m_SendText->toPlainText();

    if(m_TcpSocket != NULL)
    {
        m_SendText->clear();
        m_TcpSocket->write(str.toUtf8().data());
    }

}

//接收数据
void ServerWid::ReceData()
{
    QByteArray strArr = m_TcpSocket->readAll();
    m_ReceText->append(strArr);
}

//关闭连接
void ServerWid::CloseWid()
{
    if(m_TcpSocket != NULL)
    {
        m_TcpSocket->disconnectFromHost();
        m_TcpSocket->close();

        m_TcpSocket = NULL;
    }
}

客户端：

clientwid.h

#ifndef CLIENTWID_H
#define CLIENTWID_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpServer>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QPushButton>
#include <QTextEdit>

namespace Ui {
class ClientWid;
}

class ClientWid : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
    
public:
    explicit ClientWid(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~ClientWid();

    void initWidget();

private slots:
    void sendData();
    void ReceData();

    void CloseWid();
    void ConnenctServer();
    
private:
    Ui::ClientWid *ui;

    QPushButton *m_SendButton;
    QPushButton *m_ConneButton;
    QPushButton *m_CloseButton;

    QTextEdit *m_SendText;
    QTextEdit *m_ReceText;

    QTcpSocket *m_ClientTcpSocket;
};

#endif // CLIENTWID_H

clientwid.cpp

#include "clientwid.h"
#include "ui_clientwid.h"

#include <QHBoxLayout>
#include <QVBoxLayout>
#include <QDebug>

ClientWid::ClientWid(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::ClientWid)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    initWidget();

    m_ClientTcpSocket = new QTcpSocket(this);

    connect(m_ConneButton, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(ConnenctServer()));
    connect(m_SendButton, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(sendData()));
    connect(m_ClientTcpSocket, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(ReceData()));
    connect(m_CloseButton, SIGNAL(pressed()), this, SLOT(CloseWid()));
}

ClientWid::~ClientWid()
{
    delete ui;
}

void ClientWid::ConnenctServer()
{
    m_ClientTcpSocket->connectToHost(QHostAddress("127.0.0.1"), QString("5555").toInt());
    QString temp = QString("succeed Server connect");
    m_ReceText->append(temp);
}

void ClientWid::sendData()
{
    QString sendStr = m_SendText->toPlainText();
    m_SendText->clear();

    m_ClientTcpSocket->write(sendStr.toUtf8().data());
}

void ClientWid::ReceData()
{
    QByteArray strArr = m_ClientTcpSocket->readAll();
    m_ReceText->append(strArr);
}

//关闭连接
void ClientWid::CloseWid()
{
    m_ClientTcpSocket->disconnectFromHost();
    m_ClientTcpSocket->close();

    QString temp = QString("Disconnects from the server");
    m_ReceText->append(temp);
}

void ClientWid::initWidget()
{
    this->resize(800,600);
    this->setWindowTitle("ClientWidget");

    QVBoxLayout *VLayoutText = new QVBoxLayout(this);
    VLayoutText->setMargin(8);
    QWidget *TextWidget = new QWidget(this);
    TextWidget->setLayout(VLayoutText);
    m_ReceText = new QTextEdit(TextWidget);
    m_ReceText->setReadOnly(true);
    m_SendText = new QTextEdit(TextWidget);
    m_SendText->setMaximumHeight(100);
    VLayoutText->addWidget(m_ReceText);
    VLayoutText->addWidget(m_SendText);


    QHBoxLayout *HLayoutButton = new QHBoxLayout(this);
    HLayoutButton->setMargin(8);
    QWidget *ButtonWidget = new QWidget(this);
    ButtonWidget->setLayout(HLayoutButton);
    m_SendButton = new QPushButton(this);
    m_SendButton->setText(QString("Send").toUtf8().data());
    m_ConneButton = new QPushButton(this);
    m_ConneButton->setText(QString("Conne").toUtf8().data());
    m_CloseButton = new QPushButton(this);
    m_CloseButton->setText(QString("Close").toUtf8().data());
    HLayoutButton->addWidget(m_SendButton);
    HLayoutButton->addStretch();
    HLayoutButton->addWidget(m_ConneButton);
    HLayoutButton->addStretch();
    HLayoutButton->addWidget(m_CloseButton);

    QVBoxLayout *VLayoutMain = new QVBoxLayout(this);
    VLayoutMain->setMargin(2);
    this->setLayout(VLayoutMain);
    VLayoutMain->addWidget(TextWidget);
    VLayoutMain->addWidget(ButtonWidget);
}

main函数

#include <QApplication>
#include <QTextCodec>
#include "clientwid.h"
#include "serverwid.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QTextCodec *codec = QTextCodec::codecForName("UTF-8");
    QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(codec);
    QTextCodec *BianMa = QTextCodec::codecForName("GBK");
    QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(BianMa);


    QApplication a(argc, argv);

    //服务端
    ServerWid w;
    w.show();
    //客户端
    ClientWid cw;
    cw.show();

    return a.exec();
}