环境信息说明:
ubutu-30 ubutu-31 分别安装keepalived 和nginx 使用apt-get install 安装,请自行百度
首先搭建keealived主备设备
keealived主节点
#configration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
aaa@qq.com
}
notification_email_from aa@qq.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1 #邮件服务器地址
smtp_connect_timeout 30 #邮件服务器请求时间
router_id LVS_01 #在不同keepalived服务不能一样
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 { #这个是一个实例
state MASTER #状态
interface ens38
virtual_router_id 51 #这里必须一样,不要就裂脑了
priority 150 #优先级,master一般大于100
advert_int 3 #心跳的间隔,如果对方3s没有收到消息,切换主机
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.13.150/24 # 子网掩码 255.255.255.0
}
}
keepalived备节点
#configration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
aaa@qq.com
}
notification_email_from aa@qq.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1 #邮件服务器地址
smtp_connect_timeout 30 #邮件服务器请求时间
router_id LVS_02 #在不同keepalived服务不能一样
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 { #这个是一个实例
state BACKUP #状态
interface ens38
virtual_router_id 51 #这里必须一样,不要就裂脑了
priority 100 #优先级,master一般大于100
advert_int 3 #心跳的间隔,如果对方3s没有收到消息,切换主机
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.13.150/24 # 子网掩码 255.255.255.0
}
}
启动keepalived主节点
root@ubuntu-131:~# cd /etc/keepalived/
root@ubuntu-131:/etc/keepalived# vim keepalived.conf
root@ubuntu-131:/etc/keepalived# /etc/init.d/keepalived
Usage: /etc/init.d/keepalived {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}
root@ubuntu-131:/etc/keepalived# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
[ ok ] Starting keepalived (via systemctl): keepalived.service.
root@ubuntu-131:/etc/keepalived#
root@ubuntu-131:/etc/keepalived#
root@ubuntu-131:/etc/keepalived#
#或者采用第二种方式
root@ubuntu-131:/etc/keepalived# service keepalived start
root@ubuntu-131:/etc/keepalived#
真实的keepalived脚本(出问题才查看)
#! /bin/sh
#
# keepalived LVS cluster monitor daemon.
#
# Written by Andres Salomon <dilinger@voxel.net>
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: keepalived
# Required-Start: $syslog $network $remote_fs
# Required-Stop: $syslog $network $remote_fs
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: Starts keepalived
# Description: Starts keepalived lvs loadbalancer
### END INIT INFO
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/keepalived
NAME=keepalived
DESC=keepalived
CONFIG=/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
TMPFILES="/tmp/.vrrp /tmp/.healthcheckers"
#includes lsb functions
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
test -f $CONFIG || exit 0
test -f $DAEMON || exit 0
# Read configuration variable file if it is present
[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME
case "$1" in
start)
log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
for file in $TMPFILES
do
test -e $file && test ! -L $file && rm $file
done
if start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /var/run/$NAME.pid \
--exec $DAEMON -- $DAEMON_ARGS; then
log_end_msg 0
else
log_end_msg 1
fi
;;
stop)
log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
if start-stop-daemon --oknodo --stop --quiet --pidfile /var/run/$NAME.pid \
--exec $DAEMON; then
log_end_msg 0
else
log_end_msg 1
fi
;;
reload|force-reload)
log_action_begin_msg "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
if start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --signal 1 --pidfile \
/var/run/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON; then
log_end_msg 0
else
log_action_end_msg 1
fi
;;
restart)
log_action_begin_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile \
/var/run/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON || true
sleep 1
if start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile \
/var/run/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON -- $DAEMON_ARGS; then
log_end_msg 0
else
log_end_msg 1
fi
;;
*)
echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/$NAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}" >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
keepalived启动日志位置(在/var/log/syslogs下)
root@ubuntu-130:/var/log# tail -f syslog
syslog syslog.1 syslog.2.gz syslog.3.gz syslog.4.gz syslog.5.gz syslog.6.gz syslog.7.gz
root@ubuntu-130:/var/log# tail -f syslog
syslog syslog.1 syslog.2.gz syslog.3.gz syslog.4.gz syslog.5.gz syslog.6.gz syslog.7.gz
root@ubuntu-130:/var/log# tail -f ryslog
tail: 无法打开'ryslog' 读取数据: 没有那个文件或目录
tail: 没有剩余文件
root@ubuntu-130:/var/log# tail -f syslog
Jan 27 23:10:12 ubuntu-130 dbus[1140]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher'
Jan 27 23:10:12 ubuntu-130 systemd[1]: Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
Jan 27 23:10:12 ubuntu-130 nm-dispatcher: req:1 'dhcp4-change' [ens38]: new request (1 scripts)
Jan 27 23:10:12 ubuntu-130 nm-dispatcher: req:1 'dhcp4-change' [ens38]: start running ordered scripts...
Jan 27 23:11:40 ubuntu-130 systemd[1]: Started Keepalive Daemon (LVS and VRRP).
Jan 27 23:11:49 ubuntu-130 systemd[1]: Starting nginx - high performance web server...
Jan 27 23:11:49 ubuntu-130 systemd[1]: Started nginx - high performance web server.
Jan 27 23:17:01 ubuntu-130 CRON[10157]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly)
Jan 27 23:20:13 ubuntu-130 systemd[1]: Started Session 21 of user root.
Jan 27 23:20:13 ubuntu-130 systemd[1]: Started Session 22 of user root.
发现在keepalived主节点的ens38网卡上,绑定了一个浮动IP(关键)
说明已经正常启动keepalived
root@ubuntu-130:/var/log# ps -ef | grep keepal
root 9203 1 0 22:59 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived
root 9204 9203 0 22:59 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived
root 9205 9203 0 22:59 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived
root 9959 6197 0 23:14 pts/19 00:00:00 vim keepalived.conf
root 11041 5510 0 23:25 pts/20 00:00:00 grep --color=auto keepal
同理,将keepalived备节点启动,发现虚拟在ens38上虚拟的IP没有映射带备节点上,
至此主备keepalived搭建完成,
主备倒换:
将主节点ubutu-30宕机(重启),或者keepalived关闭,则发现虚拟浮动ip映射到备节点上,即ubutu-31
备节点重新接管浮动ip 192.168.13.150,当主节点重启完成,重新接管浮动ip
整合nginx和keepalived
ubutu-30 和ubutu-31 的nginx服务都起来了,并且是全ip监听,
root@ubuntu-130:~# netstat -luntp | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8001 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2021/nginx.conf
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8002 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2021/nginx.conf
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8003 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2021/nginx.conf
root@ubuntu-130:~#
http://192.168.13.135:8001/index.html 浮动ip就可以访问 nginx的web服务
当ubutu-30宕机,浏览器还可以根据keealived的主备切换能力,将浮动ip 转到 utubu-31上,进而访问ubutu-31上nginx的web服务。
思考几个问题:
1.需要将keepalived设置跟随操作系统一起启动,
2.nginx是如何保证nginx挂掉后,不断重拉的呢?