使用两台虚拟机简单搭建一个 keepalived 的单实例环境

Image(4)


环境介绍：主机名 IP地址

keepalived-01  192.168.240.137

keepalived-02  192.168.240.139

内核版本（两台主机系统相同）

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# uname -r

2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS release 6.7 (Final)


########################keepalived-01上的操作###########################

创建软连接

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64/ /usr/src/linux

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# ll /usr/src/

total 8

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23  2011 debug

drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 23 17:59 kernels

lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   39 Jun 22 20:40 linux -> /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64/


安装依赖软件

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# yum -y install openssl* libnl* popt*


安装 ip_vs 软件

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# pwd

/root

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg  install.log.syslog  keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz install.log ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# tar zxf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# cd ipvsadm-1.26

[root@keepalived-01 ipvsadm-1.26]# make && make install

安装完成后需要在执行一遍命令才能生效

[root@keepalived-01 ipvsadm-1.26]# /sbin/ipvsadm

IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags

  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

安装完成后要使用 lsmod 命令查看 ip_vs 是否存在

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# lsmod | grep ip_vs

ip_vs                 126534  0

libcrc32c               1246  1 ip_vs

ipv6                  335589  270 ip_vs,ip6t_REJECT,nf_conntrack_ipv6,nf_defrag_ipv6


编译安装 keepalived 软件

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# tar zxf keepalived-1.1.19.tar.gz

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# cd keepalived-1.1.19

[root@keepalived-01 keepalived-1.1.19]# ./configure

Image

[root@keepalived-01 keepalived-1.1.19]# make && make install


拷贝文件，用于 /etc/init.d/ 启动

/bin/cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/

/bin/cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

mkdir /etc/keepalived -p

/bin/cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

/bin/cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/


启动 keepalived 服务

/etc/init.d/keepalived start

检查 keepalived 服务

ps -ef | grep keep

root      34234      1  0 06:49 ?        00:00:00 keepalived -D

root      34236  34234  0 06:49 ?        00:00:00 keepalived -D

root      34237  34234  0 06:49 ?        00:00:00 keepalived -D

root      34243  28089  0 06:50 pts/1    00:00:00 grep keep


服务启动成功后，需要停止服务

/etc/init.d/keepalived stop

keepalived 的配置文件是在 /etc/keepalived/ 目录下的 keepalived.conf 文件

cd /etc/keepalived/

先将源文件备份

mv keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.ori

配置文件

vim keepalived.conf

#!/bin/bash

! Configure File for keepadlived   #注释

global_defs {

router_id LVS_1

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER         #状态

   interface eth0       #端口

   virtual_router_id 55    #虚拟路由id，在两个keeplived之间必须一样

priority 150         #优先级

   advert_int 1         #接管的间隔，超过1秒接管

   authentication {      #授权

       auth_type PASS    

       auth_pass 1111

   }

   virtual_ipaddress {

       192.168.240.10/24   #vip地址

   }

}

########################keepalived-01操作结束###########################

########################keepalived-02上的操作###########################

在 keepalived-02 上的操作和 01相同，但是要注意配置文件 keepalived.conf 文件

实验中的 keepalived-02 的配置文件如下

#!/bin/bash

! Configure File for keepadlived  

global_defs {

router_id LVS_2

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

   interface eth0      

   virtual_router_id 55   

priority 100

   advert_int 1       

   authentication {     

       auth_type PASS    

       auth_pass 1111

   }

   virtual_ipaddress {

       192.168.240.10/24  

   }

}

########################keepalived-02操作结束###########################

以上标黄的都是两个配置文件绝对不能一样的地方

两台服务器的优先级有 priority 为主，这次实验的两台机器 keepalived-01 priority 值为 150，keepalived-02 priority 值为 100

（官方文档介绍最好两台相差 50）

所以主为 keepalived-01


两台机器分别重启 keepalived 服务

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived restart

[root@keepalived-02 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived restart

到此为止一个简单的 keepalived 单实例环境搭建完成


检查环境搭建是否成功

要查看 vip 地址需要使用命令 ip add 查看

在 keepalived-01 上查看 vip 地址

Image(1)

在 keepalived-02 上查看 vip 地址

并没有发现 vip 地址

Image(2)

正常情况下

keepalived-01 有 vip 地址

keepalived-02 没有 vip 地址

如果两台服务器都有 vip 地址，说明 keepalived 发生脑裂现象

进行高可用测试，停止 keepalived-01 主机上的 keepalived 服务，应该自动切换到 keepalived-02 上

[root@keepalived-01 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived stop

[root@keepalived-02 ~]# ip add

Image(3)

在 keepalived-02 上成功查看到 vip 地址

一次简单的 keepalived 单实例高可用环境搭建完成