一 tomcat多实例
1、安装jdk
关闭防火墙,将安装 Tomcat 所需软件包传到/opt目录下
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# ls
rh
[root@localhost opt]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm rh
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost opt]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost opt]# rpm -qpl jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm
[root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm
[root@localhost opt]# java -version
2.设置JDK环境变量
vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
-----------------------------------------------
source /etc/profile.d/java.sh #刷新配置文件
java -version
3.安装Tomcat
cd /opt
tar zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz
mkdir /usr/local/tomcat
mv apache-tomcat-9.0.16 /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
cp -a /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1 /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
#-a 可以复制文件原属性以及目录
4.配置 tomcat 环境变量
vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
#tomcat1
export CATALINA_HOME1=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
export CATALINA_BASE1=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
export TOMCAT_HOME1=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
#tomcat2
export CATALINA_HOME2=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
export CATALINA_BASE2=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
export TOMCAT_HOME2=/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
source /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh# 执行脚本
5…修改 tomcat2 中的 server.xml 文件,要求各 tomcat 实例配置不能有重复的端口号
vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/conf/server.xml
<Server port="8006" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> #22行,修改Server prot,默认为8005 -> 修改为8006
<Connector port="8081" protocol="HTTP/1.1" #69行,修改Connector port,HTTP/1.1 默认为8080 -> 修改为8081
#第一个连接器默认监听8080端口,负责建立HTTP连接。在通过浏览器访问Tomcat服务器的Web应用时,使用的就是这个连接器。
<Connector port="8010" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> #116行,修改Connector port AJP/1.3,默认为8009 -> 修改为8010
#第二个连接器默认监听8009端口,负责和其他的HTTP服务器建立连接。在把Tomcat与其他HTTP服务器集成时,就需要用到这个连接器。
6.修改各 tomcat 实例中的 startup.sh 和 shutdown.sh 文件,添加 tomcat 环境变量
vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Start Script for the CATALINA Server
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
##添加以下内容
export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE1
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME1
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME1
vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/shutdown.sh
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stop script for the CATALINA Server
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE1
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME1
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME1
vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Start Script for the CATALINA Server
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE2
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME2
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME2
vim /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/shutdown.sh
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stop script for the CATALINA Server
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
export CATALINA_BASE=$CATALINA_BASE2
export CATALINA_HOME=$CATALINA_HOME2
export TOMCAT_HOME=$TOMCAT_HOME2
7. 启动各 tomcat 中的 /bin/startup.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1/bin/startup.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2/bin/startup.sh
netstat -natp | grep java
8.浏览器访问测试
二、Nginx+Tomcat负载均衡、动静分离
Nginx 服务器:192.168.132.9:80
Tomcat服务器1:192.168.132.11:80
Tomcat服务器2:192.168.132.22:80
1、安装jdk
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# ls
rh
[root@localhost opt]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@localhost opt]# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm rh
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost opt]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost opt]# rpm -qpl jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm
[root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm
[root@localhost opt]# java -version
2.设置JDK环境变量
vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
-----------------------------------------------
source /etc/profile.d/java.sh #刷新配置文件
java -version
3.安装Tomcat
cd /opt
tar zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz
mkdir /usr/local/tomcat
mv apache-tomcat-9.0.16 /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1
cp -a /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat1 /usr/local/tomcat/tomcat2
#-a 可以复制文件原属性以及目录
启动tomcat
#后台启动
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
或
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh start
#前台启动
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh run
浏览器输入
配置tomcat2服务器192.168.132.22
搭建步骤与tomcat1相同
cd /opt
rz -E
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
cd /opt
rpm -qpl jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm
rpm -ivh jdk-8u201-linux-x64.rpm
java -version
vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_201-amd64
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH
-----------------------------------------------
source /etc/profile.d/java.sh #刷新配置文件
java -version
cd /opt
tar zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.16.tar.gz
mv apache-tomcat-9.0.16 /usr/local/tomcat
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
浏览器输入
配置静态Nginx 192.168.132.9服务器静态页面
配置静态资源
cd /usr/local/nginx/html
ls
rz -E
ls
vim test.html
<html>
<body>
<h1>这是静态页面</h1>
<img src="tu.jpg"/>
</body>
</html>
tomcat 192.168.132.11服务器动态页面
cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps
mkdir test
cd test/
vim index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP test1 page</title> #指定为 test1 页面
</head>
<body>
<% out.println("动态页面 1,http://www.test1.com");%>
</body>
</html>
修改配置文件
vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
#由于主机名 name 配置都为 localhost,需要删除前面的 HOST 配置
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Context docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test" path="" reloadable="true">
</Context>
</Host>
-----------------------------------
重启服务
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
tomcat192.168.132.22服务器动态页面
cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps
mkdir test
cd test/
vim index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP test2 page</title> #指定为 test2 页面
</head>
<body>
<% out.println("动态页面 2");%>
</body>
</html>
修改配置文件
vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
#由于主机名 name 配置都为 localhost,需要删除前面的 HOST 配置
<Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
<Context docBase="/usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test" path="" reloadable="true">
</Context>
</Host>
-----------------------------------
重启服务
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Nginx服务器配置负载均衡与页面请求
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
......
http {
......
#gzip on;
#配置负载均衡的服务器列表,weight参数表示权重,权重越高,被分配到的概率越大
upstream tomcat_server {
server 172.16.10.20:8080 weight=1;
server 172.16.10.25:8080 weight=1;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.kgc.com;
charset utf-8;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
#配置Nginx处理动态页面请求,将 .jsp文件请求转发到Tomcat 服务器处理
location ~ .*\.jsp$ {
proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
#设置后端的Web服务器可以获取远程客户端的真实IP
##设定后端的Web服务器接收到的请求访问的主机名(域名或IP、端口),默认HOST的值为proxy_pass指令设置的主机名。如果反向代理服务器不重写该请求头的话,那么后端真实服务器在处理时会认为所有的请求都来自反向代理服务器,如果后端有防攻击策略的话,那么机器就被封掉了。
proxy_set_header HOST $host;
##把$remote_addr赋值给X-Real-IP,来获取源IP
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
##在nginx 作为代理服务器时,设置的IP列表,会把经过的机器ip,代理机器ip都记录下来
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
#配置Nginx处理静态图片请求
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|css)$ {
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
expires 10d;
}
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
......
}
......
测试效果
静态页面测试 网页 图片 都可以显示出来
动态页面测试