SpringAMQP总结

1.在父工程 或 所有子工程 引入依赖

        <!--AMQP依赖，包含RabbitMQ-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-dataformat-xml</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.10</version>
        </dependency>

2.docker启动rabbitMQ，并在所有需要用MQ的子工程yml中进行配置

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    virtual-host: /
    username: root
    password: 123456
    listener:
      simple:
        prefetch: 3 #指消费者最多能预取的消息数，相当于先从mq中拿再慢慢处理，服务器的性能越高该数值越大

3.引入消息json序列化的bean到spring容器中

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public MessageConverter jsonConverter(){
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }
}

4.创建消息体并开启序列化

@Data
@ToString
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class MQObject implements Serializable {
    int msg;
    String code;
}

5.编写接受者

@Component
public class SpringRabbitListener {

    //直接接收，一个消息只能消费一次
    @RabbitListener(queues = "simple.queue")
    public void listenSimpleQueue(String msg) {
        System.out.println("what receive is :"+msg);
    }

    //@RabbitListener 单注解直接创建并绑定交换机与队列和bindingKey

    //广播接收，消息会被广播到每个队列,消息可重用
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            //队列名
            value = @Queue(name ="testFanout.queue"),
            //交换机
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "test.direct",type = ExchangeTypes.FANOUT)
    ))
    public void listenFanoutQueue(String msg) {
        System.out.println("what receive in testDirect.queue is :"+msg);
    }

    //DIRECT模式，指具有某令牌bindingKey的消息才会被接受
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            //队列名
            value = @Queue(name ="testDirect.queue2"),
            //交换机
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "test.direct",type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT),
            //bindingKey
            key = {"red","yellow"}
    ))
    public void listenDirectQueue2(String msg) {
        System.out.println("what receive in testDirect.queue2 is :"+msg);
    }

    //TOPIC模式，指满足令牌规则的消息能被接受,#指任意字符串，*指单个字符
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            //队列名
            value = @Queue(name ="testTopic.queue1"),
            //交换机
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "test.topic",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
            //bindingKey
            key = {"china.#"}
    ))
    public void listenTopicQueue1(String msg) {
        System.out.println("what receive in testTopic.queue1 is :" + msg);
    }

}

6.编写发送者

    @Test
    public void sendMessageToExchangeTopicObject() {
        String exchangeName = "test.topic";
        MQObject msg = new MQObject(1, "1001");
        //routingKey指使消息具有某令牌
        String routingKey = "japan.weather";
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName,routingKey,msg);
    }

7.开启服务器