AutoNegotiation 端口协商

 

一, 概念和原理

Autonegotiation,自协商,为连接在线路两端的端口的工作方式,使数据传输在最高效的线路上,包括协商速率和双工等信息.

 

1.4.158 link pulse: Communication mechanism used in 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T networks to indicate

link status and (in Auto-Negotiation-equipped devices) to communicate information about abilities and

negotiate communication methods. 10BASE-T uses Normal Link Pulses (NLPs), which indicate link status

only. 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T nodes equipped with Auto-Negotiation exchange information using a Fast

Link Pulse (FLP) mechanism that is compatible with NLP. (See IEEE 802.3 Clauses 14 and 28.)

 

NLP: 

并非为AutoNegotiation设计,链路完整性检查脉冲,在链路空闲时(无数据发送或者接收)定期发送NLP, 若在一定时间内未收到NLP则将认为链路故障,将端口状态设置为Down,并再连续收到2个NLP后则认为链路恢复,将端口配置为Up;

NLP中不含任何数据信息,即不包括任何Rate和Deplex信息;

10BASE-T Without AutoNegotiation sends NLP;

 

 

#These pulses are sent by a device when it is not sending or receiving any data. They are unipolar positive-only electrical pulses of a duration of 100 ns, generated at intervals of 16 ms (with a tolerance of 8 ms). These pulses were called link integrity test (LIT) pulses in the 10BASE-T terminology, and are referred to as normal link pulses (NLP) in the autonegotiation specification.