python数据处理--数据分析库pandas学习笔记

import pandas    #导入pandas库
food_info = pandas.read_csv("food_info.csv")    #pandas中的read函数
print (type(food_info))    
print (food_info.dtypes)    #使用dtype函数打印数据的基本格式
print (help(pandas.read_csv))

#输出
<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>    #pandas的核心格式为DataFrame
NDB_No               int64    
Shrt_Desc           object    #在pandas中，string类型的数据显示为object格式
Water_(g)          float64
Energ_Kcal           int64
Protein_(g)        float64
Lipid_Tot_(g)      float64
Ash_(g)            float64
Carbohydrt_(g)     float64
Fiber_TD_(g)       float64
Sugar_Tot_(g)      float64
Calcium_(mg)       float64
Iron_(mg)          float64
Magnesium_(mg)     float64
Phosphorus_(mg)    float64
Potassium_(mg)     float64
Sodium_(mg)        float64
Zinc_(mg)          float64

一、pandas中的基本操作

food_info.head(3)  #head命令可以从上往下打印制定行数的数据
#输出
	NDB_No	Shrt_Desc	Water_(g)	Energ_Kcal	Protein_(g)	Lipid_Tot_(g)	Ash_(g)	Carbohydrt_(g)	Fiber_TD_(g)	Sugar_Tot_(g)	...	Vit_A_IU	Vit_A_RAE	Vit_E_(mg)	Vit_D_mcg	Vit_D_IU	Vit_K_(mcg)	FA_Sat_(g)	FA_Mono_(g)	FA_Poly_(g)	Cholestrl_(mg)
0	1001	BUTTER WITH SALT	15.87	717	0.85	81.11	2.11	0.06	0.0	0.06	...	2499.0	684.0	2.32	1.5	60.0	7.0	51.368	21.021	3.043	215.0
1	1002	BUTTER WHIPPED WITH SALT	15.87	717	0.85	81.11	2.11	0.06	0.0	0.06	...	2499.0	684.0	2.32	1.5	60.0	7.0	50.489	23.426	3.012	219.0
2	1003	BUTTER OIL ANHYDROUS	0.24	876	0.28	99.48	0.00	0.00	0.0	0.00	...	3069.0	840.0	2.80	1.8	73.0	8.6	61.924	28.732	3.694	256.0

food_info.tail(4)    #tail命令可以从下往上打印指定行数的数据
#输出
	NDB_No	Shrt_Desc	Water_(g)	Energ_Kcal	Protein_(g)	Lipid_Tot_(g)	Ash_(g)	Carbohydrt_(g)	Fiber_TD_(g)	Sugar_Tot_(g)	...	Vit_A_IU	Vit_A_RAE	Vit_E_(mg)	Vit_D_mcg	Vit_D_IU	Vit_K_(mcg)	FA_Sat_(g)	FA_Mono_(g)	FA_Poly_(g)	Cholestrl_(mg)
8614	90240	SCALLOP (BAY&SEA) CKD STMD	70.25	111	20.54	0.84	2.97	5.41	0.0	0.0	...	5.0	2.0	0.0	0.0	2.0	0.0	0.218	0.082	0.222	41.0
8615	90480	SYRUP CANE	26.00	269	0.00	0.00	0.86	73.14	0.0	73.2	...	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.0
8616	90560	SNAIL RAW	79.20	90	16.10	1.40	1.30	2.00	0.0	0.0	...	100.0	30.0	5.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.361	0.259	0.252	50.0
8617	93600	TURTLE GREEN RAW	78.50	89	19.80	0.50	1.20	0.00	0.0	0.0	...	100.0	30.0	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.127	0.088	0.170	50.0

print (food_info.columns)    #columns命令可以打印数据首行，一般数据为数据名称
#输出
Index(['NDB_No', 'Shrt_Desc', 'Water_(g)', 'Energ_Kcal', 'Protein_(g)',
       'Lipid_Tot_(g)', 'Ash_(g)', 'Carbohydrt_(g)', 'Fiber_TD_(g)',
       'Sugar_Tot_(g)', 'Calcium_(mg)', 'Iron_(mg)', 'Magnesium_(mg)',
       'Phosphorus_(mg)', 'Potassium_(mg)', 'Sodium_(mg)', 'Zinc_(mg)',
       'Copper_(mg)', 'Manganese_(mg)', 'Selenium_(mcg)', 'Vit_C_(mg)',
       'Thiamin_(mg)', 'Riboflavin_(mg)', 'Niacin_(mg)', 'Vit_B6_(mg)',
       'Vit_B12_(mcg)', 'Vit_A_IU', 'Vit_A_RAE', 'Vit_E_(mg)', 'Vit_D_mcg',
       'Vit_D_IU', 'Vit_K_(mcg)', 'FA_Sat_(g)', 'FA_Mono_(g)', 'FA_Poly_(g)',
       'Cholestrl_(mg)'],
      dtype='object')

print (food_info.shape)    #shape命令可以打印数据的规格大小
#输出
(8618, 36)

print (food_info.loc[0])    通过loc命令来定位指定行数的数据
#输出    
NDB_No                         1001
Shrt_Desc          BUTTER WITH SALT
Water_(g)                     15.87
Energ_Kcal                      717
Protein_(g)                    0.85
Lipid_Tot_(g)                 81.11
Ash_(g)                        2.11
Carbohydrt_(g)                 0.06
Fiber_TD_(g)                      0
Sugar_Tot_(g)                  0.06
Calcium_(mg)                     24
Iron_(mg)                      0.02
Magnesium_(mg)                    2
Phosphorus_(mg)                  24
Potassium_(mg)                   24
Sodium_(mg)                     643
Zinc_(mg)                      0.09
Copper_(mg)                       0
Manganese_(mg)                    0
Selenium_(mcg)                    1
Vit_C_(mg)                        0
Thiamin_(mg)                  0.005
Riboflavin_(mg)               0.034
Niacin_(mg)                   0.042
Vit_B6_(mg)                   0.003
Vit_B12_(mcg)                  0.17
Vit_A_IU                       2499
Vit_A_RAE                       684
Vit_E_(mg)                     2.32
Vit_D_mcg                       1.5
Vit_D_IU                         60
Vit_K_(mcg)                       7
FA_Sat_(g)                   51.368
FA_Mono_(g)                  21.021
FA_Poly_(g)                   3.043
Cholestrl_(mg)                  215
Name: 0, dtype: object

print (food_info.loc[3:6])    #同样在传递位置参数的时候可以设置一个范围，包括首尾