PyQt4 tutorial读书笔记（9）-- Drawing

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-26 17:27:55 发布

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==应用程序中需要绘画，特别当我们想要改变或者加强现有部件，或者我们从头创建一个自定义部件。
==绘画在paintEvent()方法中执行。绘画代码被放在QtGui.QPainter对象的begin（）和end（）方法之间。.它在组件上和其他绘图设备上执行低级别的绘图。

1、Drawing text

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore

class Example(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):      

        self.text = u'\u041b\u0435\u0432 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\
\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0422\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439: \n\
\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430'

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
        self.setWindowTitle('Draw text')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, event):

        qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawText(event, qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawText(self, event, qp):

        qp.setPen(QtGui.QColor(168, 34, 3))
        qp.setFont(QtGui.QFont('Decorative', 10))
        qp.drawText(event.rect(), QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter, self.text)        


def main():

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

（1）设置处于水平和垂直方向上的中心点

qp.drawText(event.rect(), QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter, self.text)

（2） QtGui.QPainter负责所有的低级绘画。所有的绘画方法都在begin()和end()函数之间。

qp = QtGui.QPainter()
qp.begin(self)
self.drawText(event, qp)
qp.end()

2、Drawing points

import sys, random
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore

class Example(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):      

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
        self.setWindowTitle('Points')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, e):

        qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawPoints(qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawPoints(self, qp):

        qp.setPen(QtCore.Qt.red)
        size = self.size()

        for i in range(1000):
            x = random.randint(1, size.width()-1)
            y = random.randint(1, size.height()-1)
            qp.drawPoint(x, y)     


def main():

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

3、Colours

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore

class Example(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):      

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 100)
        self.setWindowTitle('Colours')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, e):

        qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawRectangles(qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawRectangles(self, qp):

        color = QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)
        color.setNamedColor('#d4d4d4')
        qp.setPen(color)

        qp.setBrush(QtGui.QColor(200, 0, 0))
        qp.drawRect(10, 15, 90, 60)

        qp.setBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 80, 0, 160))
        qp.drawRect(130, 15, 90, 60)

        qp.setBrush(QtGui.QColor(25, 0, 90, 200))
        qp.drawRect(250, 15, 90, 60)


def main():

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

这里写图片描述

4、QtGui.QPen

QtGui.QPen基本图形绘画对象，用于画线，曲线，矩形轮廓，椭圆形，多边形和其他形状。

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore

class Example(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):      

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 270)
        self.setWindowTitle('Pen styles')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, e):

        qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawLines(qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawLines(self, qp):

        pen = QtGui.QPen(QtCore.Qt.black, 2, QtCore.Qt.SolidLine)

        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 40, 250, 40)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 80, 250, 80)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashDotLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 120, 250, 120)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DotLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 160, 250, 160)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashDotDotLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 200, 250, 200)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.CustomDashLine)
        pen.setDashPattern([1, 4, 5, 4])
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 240, 250, 240)

这里写图片描述

5、QtGui.QBrush

是一个基本的图形对象。它用于绘画背景图形形状。比如矩形，椭圆形或者多边形。一个brush可以有三种不同类别，预定义brush,
such as rectangles, ellipses(椭圆形), or polygons(多边形). A brush can be of three different types: a predefined brush, a gradient(梯度), or a texture(质地) pattern.

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore


class Example(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):      

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 355, 280)
        self.setWindowTitle('Brushes')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, e):

        qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawBrushes(qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawBrushes(self, qp):

        brush = QtGui.QBrush(QtCore.Qt.SolidPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 15, 90, 60)

        brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.Dense1Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(130, 15, 90, 60)

        brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.Dense2Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(250, 15, 90, 60)

        brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.Dense3Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 105, 90, 60)

        brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DiagCrossPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 105, 90, 60)

        brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.Dense5Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(130, 105, 90, 60)

        brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.Dense6Pattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(250, 105, 90, 60)

        brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.HorPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(10, 195, 90, 60)

        brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.VerPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(130, 195, 90, 60)

        brush.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.BDiagPattern)
        qp.setBrush(brush)
        qp.drawRect(250, 195, 90, 60)


def main():

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()