上一节讲解了xadmin的安装, 这一节讲各app的model注册到xadmin中.
1. Users app的model注册
a. 新建adminx.py文件
users文件夹右击--New--Python File, 命名为adminx.py. 这样xadmin会自动搜索各app下名为adminx的文件作为admin配置文件.
以下是新建adminx.py后代码区自动生成的代码.
--->插播
作者和日期是在settings中的file and code templates中设置的, 如下图所示.
插播结束<---
b. 配置adminx.py
__author__ = 'Elvan'
__date__ = '2017/8/6 20:25'
import xadmin
from .models import EmailVerifyRecord
class EmailVerifyRecordAdmin(object):
pass
xadmin.site.register(EmailVerifyRecord, EmailVerifyRecordAdmin)
c. 浏览器验证
"邮箱验证码"这几个字已经出现在左边.
为什么是邮箱验证码这几个字呢, 原因是models中的verbose name有设定.
点击页面右侧的+增加 邮箱验证码
点击后显示页面如下:
可以看到有两个字段用英文显示, 为何呢? 原因这两个字段没有设置verbose name.
在models中对这两个字段设置verbose name.
class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model): # 邮箱验证码功能
code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name="验证码")
email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name="邮箱")
send_type = models.CharField(choices=(("register", "注册"), ("forget", "找回密码")), max_length=10, verbose_name="发送类型") # 增加verbose name
send_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="发送时间") # 增加verbose name
修改后刷新页面, 这两个字段已经变成中文.
d. 增加验证码
按下图填写好内容之后, 点击保存.
点击保存后回到xadmin主页, 显示修改成功.
但是邮箱验证码的记录显示"EmailVerifyRecord object", 并不能显示更能识别记录本身的内容.
e. models中重写__unicode__方法
class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name="验证码")
email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name="邮箱")
send_type = models.CharField(choices=(("register", "注册"), ("forget", "找回密码")), max_length=10, verbose_name="发送类型")
send_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="发送时间")
class Meta:
verbose_name = "邮箱验证码"
verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
def __unicode__(self): # 新增代码
return '{0}({1})'.format(self.code, self.email) # 新增代码
百度到一个解释, django对python2支持__unicode__方法, 但对Python3只支持__str__方法.
果断将__unicode__方法换成__str__方法.
代码中也出现了重写的标记了, __unicode__方法是没有出现的!
刷新网页, 成功了!
2. 自定义显示列
现在邮箱验证码列表中只有一列, 能否增加几列呢? 如下图所示.
在users/adminx中修改代码
class EmailVerifyRecordAdmin(object):
list_display = ['code', 'email', 'send_type']
3. 增加各字段搜索框
users/adminx中修改代码
class EmailVerifyRecordAdmin(object):
list_display = ['code', 'email', 'send_type']
search_fields = ['code', 'email', 'send_type'] # 新增代码
刷新浏览器后, 增加了搜索框.
4. 增加筛选按钮
修改users/adminx代码
class EmailVerifyRecordAdmin(object):
list_display = ['code', 'email', 'send_type']
search_fields = ['code', 'email', 'send_type']
list_filter = ['code', 'email', 'send_type', 'send_time'] # 新增代码
试用一下过滤器, 看起来很强大
5. 注册users model中的Banner
在adminx中增加以下代码
class BannerAdmin(object):
list_display = ['title', 'image', 'url', 'index', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['title', 'image', 'url', 'index']
list_filter = ['title', 'image', 'url', 'index', 'add_time']
xadmin.site.register(Banner, BannerAdmin)
6. 注册其他model
a. 注册course model
在course文件夹下新建一个adminx.py文件, 输入以下代码:
import xadmin
from .models import Course, Lesson, Video, CourseResource
class CourseAdmin(object):
list_display = ['name', 'desc', 'detail', 'degree', 'learn_times', 'students']
search_fields = ['name', 'desc', 'detail', 'degree', 'students']
list_filter = ['name', 'desc', 'detail', 'degree', 'learn_times', 'students']
class LessonAdmin(object):
list_display = ['course', 'name', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['course', 'name']
list_filter = ['course', 'name', 'add_time']
class VideoAdmin(object):
list_display = ['lesson', 'name', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['lesson', 'name']
list_filter = ['lesson', 'name', 'add_time']
class CourseResourceAdmin(object):
list_display = ['course', 'name', 'download', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['course', 'name', 'download']
list_filter = ['course', 'name', 'download', 'add_time']
xadmin.site.register(Course, CourseAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(Lesson, LessonAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(Video, VideoAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(CourseResource, CourseResourceAdmin)
新建了1个课程"课程1", 接着新建章节时发现问题, 章节的字段课程是外键, 显示的是Course object, 显示不出来课程名.
解决方法是在cource model中设置__str__方法.
class Course(models.Model):
# 中间代码省略
def __str__(self): # 新增代码
return self.name #新增代码
注意到Lesson也被Video和CourseResource引用作外键, 故也添加__str__方法.
class Lesson(models.Model):
# 中间代码省略
def __str__(self): # 新增代码
return self.name # 新增代码
c. 注册organization
在其文件夹下新建adminx.py
输入代码
__author__ = 'Elvan'
__date__ = '2017/8/11 6:33'
import xadmin
from .models import CityDict, CourseOrg, Teacher
class CityDictAdmin(object):
list_display = ['name', 'desc', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['name', 'desc']
list_filter = ['name', 'desc', 'add_time']
class CourseOrgAdmin(object):
list_display = ['name', 'desc', 'click_num', 'fav_nums', 'image', 'address', 'city', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['name', 'desc', 'click_num', 'fav_nums', 'image', 'address', 'city']
list_filter = ['name', 'desc', 'click_num', 'fav_nums', 'image', 'address', 'city', 'add_time']
class TeacherAdmin(object):
list_display = ['org', 'name', 'work_years', 'work_company', 'work_position', 'points', 'click_num', 'fav_nums', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['org', 'name', 'work_years', 'work_company', 'work_position', 'points', 'click_num', 'fav_nums']
list_filter = ['org', 'name', 'work_years', 'work_company', 'work_position', 'points', 'click_num', 'fav_nums', 'add_time']
xadmin.site.register(CityDict, CityDictAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(CourseOrg, CourseOrgAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(Teacher, TeacherAdmin)
d. 注册operation
在其文件夹下新建adminx.py
输入代码
import xadmin
from .models import UserAsk, CourseComments, UserFavorite, UserMessage, UserCourse
__author__ = 'Elvan'
__date__ = '2017/8/11 6:45'
class UserAskAdmin(object):
list_display = ['name', 'mobile', 'course_name', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['name', 'mobile', 'course_name']
list_filter = ['name', 'mobile', 'course_name', 'add_time']
class CourseCommentsAdmin(object):
list_display = ['user', 'course', 'comments', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['user', 'course', 'comments']
list_filter = ['user', 'course', 'comments', 'add_time']
class UserFavoriteAdmin(object):
list_display = ['user', 'fav_id', 'fav_type', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['user', 'fav_id', 'fav_type']
list_filter = ['user', 'fav_id', 'fav_type', 'add_time']
class UserMessageAdmin(object):
list_display = ['user', 'message', 'has_read', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['user', 'message', 'has_read']
list_filter = ['user', 'message', 'has_read', 'add_time']
class UserCourseAdmin(object):
list_display = ['user', 'course', 'add_time']
search_fields = ['user', 'course']
list_filter = ['user', 'course', 'add_time']
xadmin.site.register(UserAsk, UserAskAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(CourseComments, CourseCommentsAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(UserFavorite, UserFavoriteAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(UserMessage, UserMessageAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(UserCourse, UserCourseAdmin)
7. xadmin全局设置
a. 设置皮肤主题
在users/adminx中增加以下代码
from xadmin import views class BaseSetting(object): enable_themes = True # 将隐藏的主题属性显现 use_bootswatch = True # 设置后才有很多主题可用
xadmin.site.register(views.BaseAdminView, BaseSetting) # 注册basesetting
浏览器效果:
b. 修改xadmin抬头和页脚
继续在users/adminx增加代码:
class GlobalSettings(object): site_title = "黄光部在线后台" site_footer = "黄光部在线" menu_style = "accordion" # 将各app的model折叠起来 xadmin.site.register(views.CommAdminView, GlobalSettings) # 注册全局设定
浏览器效果:
c. 将左侧app名字改为中文
以users app为例, 增加users/apps中代码
class UsersConfig(AppConfig): name = 'users' verbose_name = "用户" # 新增别名
增加users/__ini__代码default_app_config = "users.apps.UsersConfig"
同样的, 其他app的做法也一样, 只是__ini__文件中代码要依不同app名字而修改, 如courses的__ini__中应该写成:default_app_config = "courses.apps.CoursesConfig"
浏览器效果