ad-hoc

ad-hoc

ad-hoc选项说明

ansible查看所有模块

# 查看所有ansible所有模块
ansible-doc -l

# 统计ansible模块的数量
ansible-doc -l|wc -l

ansible常用模块

文件管理模块

• file 模块:创建删除文件,目录,链接,修改文件,目录的权限等
• copy 模块: 将控制端主机的文件拷贝到远程主机
• lineinfile 模块:修改文件内容(按行修改)
• fetch 模块:将远程其他主机到文件拷贝到本地
• replace 模块: 修改文件内容(按关键字修改)
• syncchronize

软件管理模块

• package
• yum_repository 模块: 创建、修改、删除yum源配置文件
• yum 模块:安装,卸载,升级软件
• apt 模块:安装,卸载,升级软件
• dnf
• gem
• pip

系统管理模块

• firewalld
• reboot
• service 模块:启动服务,设置服务开机自启
• user 模块: 创建,删除,修改账户,设置密码

user模块示例

网络管理模块

• get_url 模块: 使用http/https/ftp 下载文件

• nmcli 模块: 管理网络

• uri 模块: 访问web,返回某个值

• shell模块:执行命令(支持管道,重定向等)

• script模块:拷贝任意脚本到远程主机,并执行该脚本

• lvg模块:创建、删除、修改vg

• lvol模块:创建、删除、修改lv

查看模块用法

# 查看yum模块用法
ansible-doc yum

ad-hoc练习

# 开始练习
[student@workstation deploy-manage]$ lab deploy-adhoc start

Setting up workstation for lab exercise work:

 · ansible package is installed on workstation.................  SUCCESS
 · Create exercise directory...................................  SUCCESS
 · Download Ansible configuration..............................  SUCCESS
 · Download Ansible inventory..................................  SUCCESS

执行ad-hoc命令

[student@workstation deploy-adhoc]$ ansible all -a 'id'
servera.lab.example.com | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
uid=1000(student) gid=1000(student) 组=1000(student),10(wheel) 环境=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023

localhost | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
uid=1000(student) gid=1000(student) 组=1000(student),10(wheel) 环境=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023

指定用户执行ad-hoc命令

[student@workstation deploy-adhoc]$ ansible all -a 'id' -u devops
servera.lab.example.com | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
uid=1001(devops) gid=1001(devops) 组=1001(devops) 环境=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023

localhost | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
uid=1001(devops) gid=1001(devops) 组=1001(devops) 环境=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023

练习copy模块

# 替换文件内容
[student@workstation deploy-adhoc]$ ansible localhost -m copy -a 'content="Managed by Ansible\n" dest=/etc/motd' -u root
localhost | CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    },
    "changed": true,
    "checksum": "4458b979ede3c332f8f2128385df4ba305e58c27",
    "dest": "/etc/motd",
    "gid": 0,
    "group": "root",
    "md5sum": "65a4290ee5559756ad04e558b0e0c4e3",
    "mode": "0644",
    "owner": "root",
    "secontext": "system_u:object_r:etc_t:s0",
    "size": 19,
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1634845213.8595588-57941547245216/source",
    "state": "file",
    "uid": 0
}

# 提权到devops执行命令
[student@workstation deploy-adhoc]$ ansible localhost -m copy -a 'content="  替换文件Managed by Ansible 这是devops创建的内容\n" dest=/etc/motd' -u devops --become

# 查看替换后的文件内容
[student@workstation deploy-adhoc]$ cat /etc/motd
Managed by Ansible

综合实验

# 开始综合实验
lab deploy-review start