数据溢出
数据超出最大值后得到最小值,超出最小值后得到最大值,本质上是字节数的限制。
char:1字节,short:2字节,int:4字节,unsigned int:4字节,long:4字节,long long:8字节,float:4字节,double:8字节
无符号数据范围:0至2^(字节数8)
有符号数据范围:-2(字节数*8-1)+1至2(字节数8-1)
printf("char=%d short=%d int=%d uint=%d long=%d long long=%d float=%d double=%d\n",
sizeof(char),
sizeof(short),
sizeof(int),
sizeof(unsigned int),
sizeof(long),
sizeof(long long),
sizeof(float),
sizeof(double)
);
常见溢出
1. 死循环
for(unsigned char i=10; i>=0; i--) {
printf("%d\n",i);
}
2. 数据相乘容易溢出
char a = 100 * 100;
printf("%d\n", a);
用float还是double
float 4字节大小
double 8字节大小
double比较精确
float b=0.01;
double c = 0.01;
printf("%f %lf\n", b, c);
宏定义时指明数据类型
#define VALUE (100000UL)
运算时类型自动转换
bit —> char —> int —> long —> float —> double
unsigned —> signed
取模时,值的正负号与被除数一致
float d = 10 / 3;
float e = 10 / 3.0;
printf("%f %lf\n", d, e);
printf("%d %d %d %d\n", 10%3, 10%-3, -10%3, -10%-3);