qt官网示例小软件----局域网聊天软件

最近在做网络编程实验，要求用到图形界面，于是又重拾了QT这个非常喜欢的C++框架。在QT官网上找到了一个特别容易上手的小软件，在此和大家一起分享，并加强一下对QT的应用。

点击打开链接

这是代码的网址

最后软件的样子，接下来就一段代码一段代码的分析。

首先是工程

</pre>HEADERS       = chatdialog.h \                client.h \                connection.h \                peermanager.h \                server.hSOURCES       = chatdialog.cpp \                client.cpp \                connection.cpp \                main.cpp \                peermanager.cpp \                server.cppFORMS         = chatdialog.uiQT           += network widgets# installtarget.path = $$[QT_INSTALL_EXAMPLES]/network/network-chatINSTALLS += target 和普通的qmake文件没什么太大区别，注意要加上 QT += network widgets ，只有加上这个QT 才能有网络库。接下来是整个界面的定义,Chatdialog.h#ifndef CHATDIALOG_H#define CHATDIALOG_H#include "ui_chatdialog.h"#include "client.h"class ChatDialog : public QDialog, private Ui::ChatDialog{    Q_OBJECTpublic:    ChatDialog(QWidget *parent = 0);public slots:    void appendMessage(const QString &from, const QString &message);private slots:    void returnPressed();    void newParticipant(const QString &nick);    void participantLeft(const QString &nick);    void showInformation();private:    Client client;    QString myNickName;    QTextTableFormat tableFormat;};#endif然后是界面的实现Chatdialog.cpp#include <QtWidgets>#include "chatdialog.h"ChatDialog::ChatDialog(QWidget *parent)    : QDialog(parent){    setupUi(this);    lineEdit->setFocusPolicy(Qt::StrongFocus); 	//将光标锁定在lineEdit      textEdit->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);		//光标不会出现在textedit,listwidget      textEdit->setReadOnly(true);    listWidget->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);    connect(lineEdit, SIGNAL(returnPressed()), this, SLOT(returnPressed()));    connect(lineEdit, SIGNAL(returnPressed()), this, SLOT(returnPressed()));    connect(&client, SIGNAL(newMessage(QString,QString)),            this, SLOT(appendMessage(QString,QString)));    connect(&client, SIGNAL(newParticipant(QString)),            this, SLOT(newParticipant(QString)));    connect(&client, SIGNAL(participantLeft(QString)),            this, SLOT(participantLeft(QString)));    myNickName = client.nickName();	//返回用户名，nickName()是自己定义的一个函数      newParticipant(myNickName);    tableFormat.setBorder(0);		//设置界面边沿宽度为0      QTimer::singleShot(10 * 1000, this, SLOT(showInformation()));//程序在10秒后会调用一个槽showInformation()  }void ChatDialog::appendMessage(const QString &from, const QString &message){    if (from.isEmpty() || message.isEmpty())        return;    QTextCursor cursor(textEdit->textCursor());    cursor.movePosition(QTextCursor::End);	//将textEdit里的光标设置在文字的最后，以免输出混乱      QTextTable *table = cursor.insertTable(1, 2, tableFormat);    table->cellAt(0, 0).firstCursorPosition().insertText('<' + from + "> ");table->cellAt(0, 1).firstCursorPosition().insertText(message); //设置textEdit的输出格式    QScrollBar *bar = textEdit->verticalScrollBar();//设置textEdit支持垂直滚动      bar->setValue(bar->maximum());}void ChatDialog::returnPressed(){    QString text = lineEdit->text();    if (text.isEmpty())        return;    if (text.startsWith(QChar('/'))) {			//输入以"/"打头的字符会报错          QColor color = textEdit->textColor();        textEdit->setTextColor(Qt::red);	//报错内容为红色          textEdit->append(tr("! Unknown command: %1")                         .arg(text.left(text.indexOf(' '))));        textEdit->setTextColor(color);		//将输出内容重新设为黑色      } else {        client.sendMessage(text);	//发送给客户机文本信息          appendMessage(myNickName, text); //在本机上显示文本信息      }    lineEdit->clear();}void ChatDialog::newParticipant(const QString &nick){    if (nick.isEmpty())        return;    QColor color = textEdit->textColor();    textEdit->setTextColor(Qt::gray); //将加入者信息输出设为灰色      textEdit->append(tr("* %1 has joined").arg(nick));    textEdit->setTextColor(color); /重设为黑色     listWidget->addItem(nick); 	//在listWidget栏内添加新的成员  }void ChatDialog::participantLeft(const QString &nick){    if (nick.isEmpty())        return;    QList<QListWidgetItem *> items = listWidget->findItems(nick,                                                           Qt::MatchExactly);	//在listWidget栏中找到离开者的项      if (items.isEmpty())        return;    delete items.at(0);	//删除项      QColor color = textEdit->textColor();    textEdit->setTextColor(Qt::gray);    textEdit->append(tr("* %1 has left").arg(nick)); //输出相应信息      textEdit->setTextColor(color);}void ChatDialog::showInformation()		//十秒后输出的信息  {    if (listWidget->count() == 1) {        QMessageBox::information(this, tr("Chat"),                                 tr("Launch several instances of this "                                    "program on your local network and "                                    "start chatting!"));    }}接下来是客户机的定义：Client.h#ifndef CLIENT_H#define CLIENT_H#include <QAbstractSocket>#include <QHash>#include <QHostAddress>#include "server.h"class PeerManager;class Client : public QObject{    Q_OBJECTpublic:    Client();    void sendMessage(const QString &message);    QString nickName() const;    bool hasConnection(const QHostAddress &senderIp