仓颉——申请内测、环境搭建、编译测试

2024年6月21日，华为仓颉正式公开发布。

不少同学看过仓颉白皮书后，都在找SDK从哪下载，HelloWorld怎么跑。仓颉公众号也及时发布了内测的方式，我也亲自走了一遍整个流程，

一，申请内测

关注“仓颉编程语言”微信公众号，回复“SDK”关键词，填写内测申请问卷（姓名、邮箱、gitcode地址等）。【建议提前注册gitcode，github可直接授权登录】

接下来就是等待邮件回复，2-3个工作日， 

管理审核成功后，即可访问仓颉社区：仓颉SDKGitCode是面向全球开发者的开源社区,包括原创博客,开源代码托管,代码协作,项目管理等。与开发者社区互动,提升您的研发效率和质量。https://gitcode.com/Cangjie 仓颉支持VSCode开发环境，社区提供了VSCode插件CangjieVSCodePlugin，以及Linux/Windows/MacOS版本的SDK。 

二，环境搭建

2.1 Windows平台搭建仓颉环境

2.1.1 下载SDK

从你送到的邮箱里面点击Windows版本的仓颉lSDK链接

点击exe或者 zip都行，exe需要安装，zip解压可用

我这里用的zip，直接解压

2.1.2 安装，配置系统环境

2.1.2.1 exe安装

如果你下载的SDK是exe格式，直接点击安装就好，安装时会自动将所需环境变量配置好。

选 all user 

 

 

 

 

2.1.2.2 zip 解压 配置环境变量 （可在IDE中做配置）

我这里的解压到 c:\cangjie\

右键  我的电脑---->属性---->高级系统设置---->环境变量

 

然后找到下方  系统变量---->双击Path

 将 

c:\cangjie\bin

c:\cangjie\tools\bin

c:\cangjie\runtime\lib\windows_x86_64_llvm

c:\cangjie\debugger\bin

添加到环境变量

遇到环境变量超过2047 请参考《解决：此环境变量太大。此对话框允许将值设置为最长2047个字符-CSDN博客》 

然后用 命令行工具测试下 

C:\Users\Administrator>cjc --help
Usage:
      cjc [option] file...

Options:
  --diagnostic-format <value> Diagnostic format. Candidate modes:
    <value>=json
    <value>=noColor
    <value>=default
  --scan-dependency           Get the package(s) which the current package depends on
  --conditional-compilation-config <value>
                              User defined contion to compile
  --debug-macro               Enable debug macro
  --parallel-macro-expansion  Enable parallel macro expansion
  -g                          Enable compile debug version target
  --trimpath <value>          Remove a specified path prefix in debuginfo
  -s, --strip-all             Strip the symbol table from executable and dynamic library
  --test                      Enable compile test
  --mock <value>              Specify whether mock features are enabled, or disabled, or a runtime exception is thrown when trying to use mock features
    <value>=on
    <value>=off
    <value>=runtime-error
  -o, --output <value>        Specify product name or output directory when compiling a package
  --output-dir <value>        Specify output directory (it affects '--output' option)
  --static-std                Statically link packages of the std module
  --dy-std                    Dynamically link packages of the std module
  --static-libs               Statically link packages of other modules except std
  --dy-libs                   Dynamically link packages of other modules except std
  --lto <value>               Enable LTO to either 'full' or 'thin'
    <value>=full
    <value>=thin
  --enable-ad, --enable-auto-differentiation
                              Enables automatic differentiation
  --enable-chir2-devirtualization
                              Enable CHIR 2 devirtualization.
  --enable-opaque             Enable opaque pointer
  --fchir-constant-propagation
                              Enable constant propagation optimizaion in CHIR
  --fno-chir-constant-propagation
                              Disable constant propagation optimizaion in CHIR
  --fchir-function-inlining   Enable function inlining optimizaion in CHIR
  --fno-chir-function-inlining
                              Disable function inlining optimizaion in CHIR
  --fchir-devirtualization    Enable devirtualization optimizaion in CHIR
  --fno-chir-devirtualization Disable devirtualization optimizaion in CHIR
  --sanitizer-coverage-inline-8bit-counters
                              Enable sanitizer-coverage-inline-8bit-counters in CHIR
  --sanitizer-coverage-inline-bool-flag
                              Enable sanitizer-coverage-inline-bool-flag in CHIR
  --sanitizer-coverage-trace-pc-guard
                              Enable sanitizer-coverage-trace-pc-guard in CHIR
  --sanitizer-coverage-pc-table
                              Enable sanitizer-coverage-pc-table in CHIR
  --sanitizer-coverage-stack-depth
                              Enable sanitizer-coverage-stack-depth in CHIR
  --sanitizer-coverage-trace-compares
                              Enable sanitizer-coverage-trace-compares in CHIR
  --sanitizer-coverage-trace-memcmp
                              Enable sanitizer-coverage-trace-memcmp in CHIR
  --sanitizer-coverage-level=0
                              sancov level 0
  --sanitizer-coverage-level=1
                              sancov level 1
  --sanitizer-coverage-level=2
                              sancov level 2
  --sanitizer-coverage-level <value>
                              Set sanitizer-coverage level
  --int-overflow <value>      Specify default integer overflow strategy:
    <value>=throwing
    <value>=wrapping
    <value>=saturating
  --fast-math                 Enable fast-math mode
  --link-options <value>      Options directly passed to linker
  -L, --library-path <value>  Add directory to library search path
  -l, --library <value>       Link library
  -B, --toolchain <value>     Use toolchain binaries and object files at the given directory
  --target <value>            Generate code for the given target platform
  --target-cpu <value>        Generate instructions for the given target processor (Experimental)
  --sysroot <value>           Set the system root directory under which bin, lib and include can be found
  --output-type <value>       Specify output file type
    <value>=exe                 emit executable (default)
    <value>=staticlib           emit static library
    <value>=dylib               emit dynamic library
  -O0                         Optimization level 0 (default)
  -O, -O1                     Optimization level 1
  -O2                         Optimization level 2
  -Os                         Optimization level s, like -O2 with extra optimizations for size
  -Oz                         Optimization level z, like -Os but reduces code size further
  -O<value>                   Set Optimization level
  --module-name <value>       Tell compiler name of the module
  -p, --package               Specify package directory to be compiled
  --import-path <value>       Add .cjo search path
  --incremental-compile       Enable incremental compilation.
  --save-temps <value>        Save intermediate compilation results. <value>: path to save temp files.
  -Woff, --warn-off <value>   Suppress a specific group of warning
    <value>=all
    <value>=unused
    <value>=driver-arg
    <value>=deprecated
    <value>=unsupport-compile-source
    <value>=package-import
    <value>=parser
    <value>=semantics
    <value>=interpreter
  -Won, --warn-on <value>     Report a specific group of warning
    <value>=all
    <value>=unused
    <value>=driver-arg
    <value>=deprecated
    <value>=unsupport-compile-source
    <value>=package-import
    <value>=parser
    <value>=semantics
    <value>=interpreter
  --error-count-limit <value> Emit specified <number> of errors only. Available options: all, <number> (8 by default)
  -V, --verbose               Enable verbose
  -v, --version               Print compiler version information
  -h, --help                  Show usage
  --macro-lib <value>         Options directly passed to macro library, put the value into "" when there is space in it
  --compile-macro             Options to compile the macro define package
  --coverage                  Enable coverage
  --experimental              Enable experimental options
  -j, --jobs <value>          Number of tasks to run at once
  --apc, --aggressive-parallel-compile
                              Enable agrressive parallel compile
  --sanitize <value>          Enable sanitizer:
    <value>=address
    <value>=thread
  --fobf-string               Enable string literal obfuscation
  --fno-obf-string            Disable string literal obfuscation
  --fobf-const                Enable constant literal obfuscation
  --fno-obf-const             Disable constant literal obfuscation
  --fobf-layout               Enable code layout obfuscation
  --fno-obf-layout            Disable code layout obfuscation
  --fobf-cf-flatten           Enable control flow flatten obfuscation
  --fno-obf-cf-flatten        Disable control flow flatten obfuscation
  --fobf-cf-bogus             Enable control flow bogus obfuscation
  --fno-obf-cf-bogus          Disable control flow bogus obfuscation
  --fobf-all                  Enable all obfuscations
  --obf-config <value>        Specify obfuscation configure file
  --obf-level <value>         Specify obfuscation level. Available value: 1 to 10 (5 by default)
  --obf-seed <value>          Specify random seed for obfuscation algorithm. Available value: <number>
  --disable-reflection        Disable reflection
  --stack-trace-format <value>
                              Specify stack trace format
    <value>=default
    <value>=simple
    <value>=all
  --pgo-instr-gen             PGO instrumentation
  --pgo-instr-use <value>     Read PGO instrumentation profile
  --discard-eh-frame          Discard the eh_frame section

2.2 VS Code  Cangjie插件安装

1. 在这个链接中下载VS Code的插件。下载下来并解压。得到一个Cangjie-0.51.4.vsix文件，之后会用到。

2. 打开VS Code，如图点击左侧Extensions -> Views and More Actions -> Install from VSIX，找到刚才解压出来的Cangjie-0.51.4.vsix文件。安装成功。

 

 

开发环境搭建完成。 

三，项目创建、编译

3.1 VS Code 创建项目编译运行

在VS Code界面中使用快捷键ctrl + shift + p 

在搜索框里输入关键字搜索Create Cangjie Project并选择 

下一步选择Create CJNative Cangjie Project

选择Create Executable Output Cangjie Project 

在弹出的文件夹选择窗里选择工程存放的目录

回到之前界面，在上方输入框中输入工程的名称，并回车

在左侧目录结构中找到src -> main.cj可以看到默认创建的一段helloworld代码

main.cj 内容 

main(): Int64 {
    println("hello world")
    return 0
}

 cjpm.toml  内容

[dependencies]

[package]
  cjc-version = "0.51.4"
  compile-option = ""
  description = "nothing here"
  link-option = ""
  name = "HelloTest"
  output-type = "executable"
  src-dir = ""
  target-dir = ""
  version = "1.0.0"
  package-configuration = {}

 

代码 main.cj 我们用中文试试

main() {
	println("你好，仓颉")
}

 运行

汉字编码有问题，暂时的解决方案是运行chcp 65001命令

chcp 65001

再次运行

cjpm run

3.2 txt文本 开发编译测试

main() {
	println("hello cangjie")
}

 编译

cjc hello.cj -o hello.out

参考资料

1. 仓颉官网：仓颉-鸿蒙原生应用编程语言-华为开发者联盟
2. 仓颉社区：GitCode - 全球开发者的开源社区,开源代码托管平台
3. 仓颉编程语言白皮书：文档中心