第七章

1:

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
int main()
{double a,b,c,s,area;
 cout<<"please input a,b,c:";
 cin>>a>>b>>c;
 if (a+b<=c)
  cerr<<"a+b<=c,error!"<<endl;
 else if(b+c<=a)
  cerr<<"b+c<=a,error!"<<endl;
 else if (c+a<=b)
  cerr<<"c+a<=b,error!"<<endl;
 else
  {s=(a+b+c)/2;
   area=sqrt(s*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c));
   cout<<"area="<<area<<endl;}
 return 0;
}

2：
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

int main()
{float a[5];
 cout<<"input data:";
 for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
  cin>>a[i];
 cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setprecision(2);
 for(i=0;i<5;i++)
  cout<<setw(10)<<a[i]<<endl;
 return 0;
}
3：
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
 for(int n=1;n<8;n++)
 cout<<setw(20-n)<<setfill(' ')<<" "        //nm
<<setw(2*n-1)<<setfill('B')<<"B"<<endl;
 return 0;
}
4：
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;                //VC++ 6.0要此行
//fun1函数从键盘输入20个整数，分别存放在两个磁盘文件中

void fun1()
{int a[10];
 ofstream outfile1("f1.dat"),outfile2("f2.dat");  //分别定义两个文件流对象
 if(!outfile1)                        //检查打开f1.dat是否成功
  {cerr<<"open f1.dat error!"<<endl;
   exit(1);
  }
 if(!outfile2)                        //检查打开f2.dat是否成功
  {cerr<<"open f2.dat error!"<<endl;
   exit(1);
  }
 cout<<"enter 10 integer numbers:"<<endl;
 for(int i=0;i<10;i++)          //输入10个数存放到f1.dat文件中
  {cin>>a[i];
   outfile1<<a[i]<<" ";}
  cout<<"enter 10 integer numbers:"<<endl;
 for(i=0;i<10;i++)           //输入10个数存放到f2.dat文件中
  {cin>>a[i];
   outfile2<<a[i]<<" ";}
 outfile1.close();               //关闭f1.dat文件
 outfile2.close();               //关闭f2.dat文件
}

//从f1,dat读入10个数，然后存放到f2.dat文件原有数据的后面
void fun2()
{ifstream infile("f1.dat");       //f1.dat作为输入文件
 if(!infile)
  {cerr<<"open f1.dat error!"<<endl;
   exit(1);
  }
  ofstream outfile("f2.dat",ios::app);
 //f2.dat作为输出文件，文件指针指向文件尾，向它写入的数据放在原来数据的后面
  if(!outfile)
   {cerr<<"open f2.dat error!"<<endl;
   exit(1);
  }
  int a;
  for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
   {infile>>a;           //磁盘文件f2.dat读入一个整数
    outfile<<a<<" ";     //将该数存放到f2.dat中
   }
  infile.close();
  outfile.close();
 }

//从f2.dat中读入20个整数，将它们按从小到大的顺序存放到f2.dat
void fun3()
{ifstream infile("f2.dat"); //定义输入文件流infile，以输入方式打开f2.dat
 if(!infile)
  {cerr<<"open f2.dat error!"<<endl;
   exit(1);
  }
 int a[20];
 int i,j,t;
for(i=0;i<20;i++)     
  infile>>a[i];        //从磁盘文件f2.dat读入20个数放在数组a中
 for(i=0;i<19;i++)     //用起泡法对20个数排序
   for(j=0;j<19-i;j++)
      if(a[j]>a[j+1])
        {t=a[j];a[j]=a[j+1];a[j+1]=t;}
  infile.close();                //关闭输入文件f2.dat
  ofstream outfile("f2.dat",ios::out);
// f2.dat作为输出文件，文件中原有内容删除
  if(!outfile)
   {cerr<<"open f2.dat error!"<<endl;
    exit(1);}
cout<<"data in f2.dat:"<<endl;
  for( i=0;i<20;i++)
    {outfile<<a[i]<<" ";      //向f2.dat输出已排序的20个数
     cout<<a[i]<<" ";}        //同时输出到显示器
  cout<<endl;
  outfile.close();
}

int main()
{fun1();                     //分别调用3个函数
 fun2();
 fun3();
 return 0;
}
5：
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
struct staff
{int num;
 char name[20];
 int age;
 double  pay;
};
int main()
{staff staf[7]={2101,"Li",34,1203,2104,"Wang",23,674.5,2108,"Fun",54,778,
                  3006,"Xue",45,476.5,5101,"Ling",39,656.6},staf1;
 fstream iofile("staff.dat",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);
 if(!iofile)
  {cerr<<"open error!"<<endl;
   abort();
  }
 int i,m,num;
 cout<<"Five staff :"<<endl;
 for(i=0;i<5;i++)
   {cout<<staf[i].num<<" "<<staf[i].name<<" "<<staf[i].age<<" "<<staf[i].pay<<endl;
    iofile.write((char *)&staf[i],sizeof(staf[i]));}
 cout<<"please input data you want insert:"<<endl;
 for(i=0;i<2;i++)
   {cin>>staf1.num>>staf1.name>>staf1.age>>staf1.pay;
    iofile.seekp(0,ios::end);
    iofile.write((char *)&staf1,sizeof(staf1));}
  iofile.seekg(0,ios::beg);
  for(i=0;i<7;i++)
{iofile.read((char *)&staf[i],sizeof(staf[i]));
    cout<<staf[i].num<<" "<<staf[i].name<<" "<<staf[i].age<<" "<<staf[i].pay<<endl;
   }
 bool find;
 cout<<"enter number you want search,enter 0 to stop.";
 cin>>num;
 while(num)
 {find=false;
  iofile.seekg(0,ios::beg);
  for(i=0;i<7;i++)
   {iofile.read((char *)&staf[i],sizeof(staf[i]));
    if(num==staf[i].num)
     {m=iofile.tellg();
      cout<<num<<" is No."<<m/sizeof(staf1)<<endl;
      cout<<staf[i].num<<" "<<staf[i].name<<" "<<staf[i].age<<" "<<staf[i].pay<<endl;
      find=true;
      break;
     }
   }
  if(!find)
    cout<<"can't find "<<num<<endl;
  cout<<"enter number you want search,enter 0 to stop.";
  cin>>num;
 }
  iofile.close();
  return 0;
}

6：
#include <iostream>
#include <strstream>
using namespace std;

struct student
{int num;
 char name[20];
 double score;
};
int main()
{student stud[3]={1001,"Li",78,1002,"Wang",89.5,1004,"Fun",90},stud1[3];
 char c[50];
 int i;
 ostrstream strout(c,50);
 for(i=0;i<3;i++)
  strout<<stud[i].num<<" "<<stud[i].name<<" "<<stud[i].score<<" ";
 strout<<ends;
 cout<<"array c:"<<endl<<c<<endl<<endl;
 istrstream strin(c,50);
 for(i=0;i<3;i++)
  strin>>stud1[i].num>>stud1[i].name>>stud1[i].score;
 cout<<"data from array c to array stud1:"<<endl;
 for(i=0;i<3;i++)
  cout<<stud1[i].num<<" "<<stud1[i].name<<" "<<stud1[i].score<<endl;
 cout<<endl;
 return 0;
}