1. 线程安全
同一资源,在同一时刻,被多个线程访问,就可能造成数据紊乱。
解决方式一: 使用同步代码块
注意:
- 1.通过代码块中的锁对象,可以使用任意的对象
- 2.必须保持多个线程使用的所对象是同一个
- 3.锁对象作用:把同步代码块锁住,只让一个线程在同步代码块中执行
public class SynDemo1 implements Runnable{
private int ticket = 100;
Object obj = new Object();
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
//锁住访问数据的代码
synchronized (obj){
if (ticket > 0){
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "正在卖第"+ticket+"张票");
ticket--;
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SynDemo1 r = new SynDemo1();
Thread t1 = new Thread(r);
Thread t2 = new Thread(r);
Thread t3 = new Thread(r);
t1.start();
t2.start();
t3.start();
}
}
解决方式二: 同步方法
注意:
- 1.把共享了数据的代码抽取出来,放到一个方法中
- 2.在方法上添加synchronized修饰符
public class SynDemo implements Runnable{
private int ticket = 100;
Object obj = new Object();
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
test();
}
}
//同步方法
public synchronized void test(){
if (ticket > 0){
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"正在卖第"+ticket+"张票");
ticket--;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SynDemo r = new SynDemo();
Thread t1 = new Thread(r);
Thread t2 = new Thread(r);
Thread t3 = new Thread(r);
t1.start();
t2.start();
t3.start();
}
}
解决方式三: Lock
jdk1.5之后,提供java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock ,java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock implements Lock
使用步骤:
- 1.在成员位置创建一个ReentrantLock对象
- 2.在可能会出现安全问题的代码前调用Lock接口中的lock()方法获取锁
- 3.在可能会出现安全问题的代码后调用Lock接口中的unLock()方法获取锁
public class LockDemo implements Runnable{
private int ticket = 100;
Lock l = new ReentrantLock();
@Override
public void run() {
while (true){
l.lock();
if (ticket > 0){
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"正在卖第"+ticket+"张票");
ticket--;
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
l.unlock();
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SynDemo1 r = new SynDemo1();
Thread t1 = new Thread(r);
Thread t2 = new Thread(r);
Thread t3 = new Thread(r);
t1.start();
t2.start();
t3.start();
}
}