linux上MySQL5.5的安装

在linux上MySQL5.5的安装需要下列两个安装包：
MySQL-server-5.5.25a-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
MySQL-client-5.5.25a-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
下载地址分别为：
http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mirror.php?id=408664
http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mirror.php?id=408625
安装包下载完成后，将文件传输到MySQL的linux服务器上，执行如下命令：
1.安装MySQL的server包
[root@mysql tmp]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.25a-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.25a-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-server           ########################################### [100%]

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h mysql.com password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
2.安装MySQL的client包
[root@mysql tmp]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.25a-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-client           ########################################### [100%]
3.检查MySQL服务是否启动
[root@mysql tmp]# netstat -nat
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:983                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::1:6010                    :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:192.168.161.2:22     ::ffff:192.168.161.1:3342   ESTABLISHED
tcp        0    132 ::ffff:192.168.161.2:22     ::ffff:192.168.161.1:3341   ESTABLISHED
从上述信息可知，MySQL的端口(默认为3306)没有打开，表示MySQL没有启动。
4.启动MySQL
[root@mysql tmp]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL..                                           [  OK  ]
5.再次检查MySQL的端口是否打开
[root@mysql tmp]# netstat -nat
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:983                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 :::22                       :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::1:6010                    :::*                        LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:192.168.161.2:22     ::ffff:192.168.161.1:3342   ESTABLISHED
tcp        0      0 ::ffff:192.168.161.2:22     ::ffff:192.168.161.1:3341   ESTABLISHED
6.登录MySQL数据库(MySQL数据库root的初始密码为空,可直接登录)
[root@mysql tmp]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.25a MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

7.查看MySQL所包含的所有库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

8.切换到mysql库
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

9.查看mysql库下的所有表
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| db                        |
| event                     |
| func                      |
| general_log               |
| help_category             |
| help_keyword              |
| help_relation             |
| help_topic                |
| host                      |
| ndb_binlog_index          |
| plugin                    |
| proc                      |
| procs_priv                |
| proxies_priv              |
| servers                   |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+
24 rows in set (0.01 sec)

10.更改MySQL的root密码
[root@mysql init.d]# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 123456

11.使用更改后的密码登录MySQL
[root@mysql tmp]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.5.25a MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

12.查看MySQL的数据库
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
由上述信息可知，MySQL的root密码修改成功。