js下载文件到本地磁盘
一、使用a标签下载
·HTML5给a标签新增了download属性,利用这个属性可以便捷的实现下载已有的文件功能,而不需要任何插件。
<div οnlοad="autoClickA()">
<a href="aaa.png" download="aaa.png"><span id="down">下载</span></a>
</div>
·download属性默认使用文件名,可以设置一个值来为下载的文件命名。所允许的值没有限制。
·也可以通过js来实现a标签点击事件自动触发,实现自动下载:
<script type="text/javascript">
function autoClickA(){
document.getElementById("down").click();
}
</script>
二、使用插件FileSaver.js下载
·使用开源插件FileSaver.js下载
1、FileSaver.js源码:
/*
* FileSaver.js
* A saveAs() FileSaver implementation.
*
* By Eli Grey, http://eligrey.com
*
* License : https://github.com/eligrey/FileSaver.js/blob/master/LICENSE.md (MIT)
* source : http://purl.eligrey.com/github/FileSaver.js
*/
// The one and only way of getting global scope in all environments
// https://stackoverflow.com/q/3277182/1008999
var _global = typeof window === 'object' && window.window === window
? window : typeof self === 'object' && self.self === self
? self : typeof global === 'object' && global.global === global
? global
: this
function bom (blob, opts) {
if (typeof opts === 'undefined') opts = { autoBom: false }
else if (typeof opts !== 'object') {
console.warn('Deprecated: Expected third argument to be a object')
opts = { autoBom: !opts }
}
// prepend BOM for UTF-8 XML and text/* types (including HTML)
// note: your browser will automatically convert UTF-16 U+FEFF to EF BB BF
if (opts.autoBom && /^\s*(?:text\/\S*|application\/xml|\S*\/\S*\+xml)\s*;.*charset\s*=\s*utf-8/i.test(blob.type)) {
return new Blob([String.fromCharCode(0xFEFF), blob], { type: blob.type })
}
return blob
}
function download (url, name, opts) {
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()
xhr.open('GET', url)
xhr.responseType = 'blob'
xhr.onload = function () {
saveAs(xhr.response, name, opts)
}
xhr.onerror = function () {
console.error('could not download file')
}
xhr.send()
}
function corsEnabled (url) {
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()
// use sync to avoid popup blocker
xhr.open('HEAD', url, false)
try {
xhr.send()
} catch (e) {}
return xhr.status >= 200 && xhr.status <= 299
}
// `a.click()` doesn't work for all browsers (#465)
function click (node) {
try {
node.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('click'))
} catch (e) {
var evt = document.createEvent('MouseEvents')
evt.initMouseEvent('click', true, true, window, 0, 0, 0, 80,
20, false, false, false, false, 0, null)
node.dispatchEvent(evt)
}
}
var saveAs = _global.saveAs || (
// probably in some web worker
(typeof window !== 'object' || window !== _global)
? function saveAs () { /* noop */ }
// Use download attribute first if possible (#193 Lumia mobile)
: 'download' in HTMLAnchorElement.prototype
? function saveAs (blob, name, opts) {
var URL = _global.URL || _global.webkitURL
var a = document.createElement('a')
name = name || blob.name || 'download'
a.download = name
a.rel = 'noopener' // tabnabbing
// TODO: detect chrome extensions & packaged apps
// a.target = '_blank'
if (typeof blob === 'string') {
// Support regular links
a.href = blob
if (a.origin !== location.origin) {
corsEnabled(a.href)
? download(blob, name, opts)
: click(a, a.target = '_blank')
} else {
click(a)
}
} else {
// Support blobs
a.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob)
setTimeout(function () { URL.revokeObjectURL(a.href) }, 4E4) // 40s
setTimeout(function () { click(a) }, 0)
}
}
// Use msSaveOrOpenBlob as a second approach
: 'msSaveOrOpenBlob' in navigator
? function saveAs (blob, name, opts) {
name = name || blob.name || 'download'
if (typeof blob === 'string') {
if (corsEnabled(blob)) {
download(blob, name, opts)
} else {
var a = document.createElement('a')
a.href = blob
a.target = '_blank'
setTimeout(function () { click(a) })
}
} else {
navigator.msSaveOrOpenBlob(bom(blob, opts), name)
}
}
// Fallback to using FileReader and a popup
: function saveAs (blob, name, opts, popup) {
// Open a popup immediately do go around popup blocker
// Mostly only available on user interaction and the fileReader is async so...
popup = popup || open('', '_blank')
if (popup) {
popup.document.title =
popup.document.body.innerText = 'downloading...'
}
if (typeof blob === 'string') return download(blob, name, opts)
var force = blob.type === 'application/octet-stream'
var isSafari = /constructor/i.test(_global.HTMLElement) || _global.safari
var isChromeIOS = /CriOS\/[\d]+/.test(navigator.userAgent)
if ((isChromeIOS || (force && isSafari)) && typeof FileReader !== 'undefined') {
// Safari doesn't allow downloading of blob URLs
var reader = new FileReader()
reader.onloadend = function () {
var url = reader.result
url = isChromeIOS ? url : url.replace(/^data:[^;]*;/, 'data:attachment/file;')
if (popup) popup.location.href = url
else location = url
popup = null // reverse-tabnabbing #460
}
reader.readAsDataURL(blob)
} else {
var URL = _global.URL || _global.webkitURL
var url = URL.createObjectURL(blob)
if (popup) popup.location = url
else location.href = url
popup = null // reverse-tabnabbing #460
setTimeout(function () { URL.revokeObjectURL(url) }, 4E4) // 40s
}
}
)
_global.saveAs = saveAs.saveAs = saveAs
if (typeof module !== 'undefined') {
module.exports = saveAs;
}
2、使用:
·页面引入FileSaver.js
·直接调用 saveAs(‘要下载的文件流’,‘文件名’) 方法即可
//getVoiceBlob是之前做语音识别demo写的音频blob获取函数,返回音频的blob
var blob = getVoiceBlob();
saveAs(blob,"test.mp3");//第二个参数是为下载文件命名
·其实之前是想要js直接写文件到磁盘,但是没有找到能实现的例子,这两个下载都会弹出文件路径选择和下载确认框,我想要的是不弹框,给定路径直接写入文件(好像并不能实现,js菜鸟表示不会,有大佬可以实现的话,请务必教我)后来只好上传给服务器由Java来写文件。