【问题解决】Linux通过nfs挂载根文件系统报错：VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy

问题：

NFS配置没问题：NFS服务开启与使用、目录挂载与卸载
使用 NFS 挂载文件系统的时候报错：

[  101.800373] VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.
[  101.807335] VFS: Cannot open root device "nfs" or unknown-block(2,0): error -6
[  101.814718] Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions:
[  101.823160] 0100           65536 ram0  (driver?)
[  101.827880] 0101           65536 ram1  (driver?)
[  101.832573] 0102           65536 ram2  (driver?)
[  101.837347] 0103           65536 ram3  (driver?)
[  101.841988] 0104           65536 ram4  (driver?)
[  101.846695] 0105           65536 ram5  (driver?)
[  101.851335] 0106           65536 ram6  (driver?)
[  101.856027] 0107           65536 ram7  (driver?)
[  101.860667] 0108           65536 ram8  (driver?)
[  101.865333] 0109           65536 ram9  (driver?)
[  101.869974] 010a           65536 ram10  (driver?)
[  101.874720] 010b           65536 ram11  (driver?)
[  101.879446] 010c           65536 ram12  (driver?)
[  101.884194] 010d           65536 ram13  (driver?)
[  101.888922] 010e           65536 ram14  (driver?)
[  101.893669] 010f           65536 ram15  (driver?)
[  101.898410] b300        15273984 mmcblk0  driver: mmcblk
[  101.903768]   b301        15269888 mmcblk0p1 9be55837-01
[  101.909104] b308         7634944 mmcblk1  driver: mmcblk
[  101.914503]   b309          131072 mmcblk1p1 5edd22ea-01
[  101.919862]   b30a         7493632 mmcblk1p2 5edd22ea-02
[  101.925247] b320             512 mmcblk1rpmb  (driver?)
[  101.930494] b318            4096 mmcblk1boot1  (driver?)
[  101.935857] b310            4096 mmcblk1boot0  (driver?)
[  101.941192] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(2,0)
[  101.949470] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(2,0)
[  112.942790] random: nonblocking pool is initialized

原因：

以前使用的16.04版本的ubuntu没问题，现在更换了18.04.4版本，开始报错。
从Ubuntu17.04开始，nfs默认只支持协议3和协议4，而kernel中默认支持协议2。

1. 修改 NFS 配置文件：

sudo vim /etc/default/nfs-kernel-server

2. 在末尾添加：

RPCNFSDOPTS="--nfs-version 2,3,4 --debug --syslog"

3. 重启 NFS 服务：

sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart

注：如果kernel版本较高支持nfs协议3的话，可以在Uboot传到Kernel的bootargs参数中加入’nfsvers=3’,使kernel使用nfs协议3。

参考：Linux通过nfs挂载根文件系统失败：VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS, trying floppy.