python之多线程（学习）

线程分为：

内核线程：由操作系统内核创建和撤销
用户线程：不需要内核支持而在用户程序中实现的线程

python3 线程中常用的两个模块：

_thread和threading(推荐使用)

python中使用线程有两种方式：函数或者用类来包装线程对象

函数式：

#调用模块
import _thread
import time

#为线程定义一个函数
def print_time(th,delay):
    count = 0
    while count < 5:
    	#延时
        time.sleep(delay)
        count += 1
        #转换时间戳
        print("%s:%s"% (th,time.ctime(time.time())))

#创建两个线程
try:
    _thread.start_new_thread(print_time,("thread1",2,))
    _thread.start_new_thread(print_time,("thread2",4,))
except:
    print("无法启动")
#一直循环
while 1:
    pass

使用 threading 模块创建线程：

#调用模块
import threading
import time

exitFlag = 0
#声明了个类
class myThread (threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, threadID, name, counter):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.threadID = threadID
        self.name = name
        self.counter = counter
    def run(self):
        print ("开始线程：" + self.name)
        print_time(self.name, self.counter, 5)
        print ("退出线程：" + self.name)

def print_time(threadName, delay, counter):
    while counter:
        if exitFlag:
            threadName.exit()
        time.sleep(delay)
        print ("%s: %s" % (threadName, time.ctime(time.time())))
        counter -= 1

# 创建新线程
thread1 = myThread(1, "Thread-1", 1)
thread2 = myThread(2, "Thread-2", 2)

# 开启新线程
thread1.start()
thread2.start()
thread1.join()
thread2.join()
print ("退出主线程")

线程同步：

import threading
import time

class myThread (threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, threadID, name, counter):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.threadID = threadID
        self.name = name
        self.counter = counter
    def run(self):
        print ("开启线程： " + self.name)
        # 获取锁，用于线程同步
        threadLock.acquire()
        print_time(self.name, self.counter, 3)
        # 释放锁，开启下一个线程
        threadLock.release()

def print_time(threadName, delay, counter):
    while counter:
        time.sleep(delay)
        print ("%s: %s" % (threadName, time.ctime(time.time())))
        counter -= 1

threadLock = threading.Lock()
threads = []

# 创建新线程
thread1 = myThread(1, "Thread-1", 1)
thread2 = myThread(2, "Thread-2", 2)

# 开启新线程
thread1.start()
thread2.start()

# 添加线程到线程列表
threads.append(thread1)
threads.append(thread2)

# 等待所有线程完成
for t in threads:
    t.join()
print ("退出主线程")