mapreduce编程（二）－ 大象书中求每一年的最高温度

书上的例子是为了取出一年当中气温最高的值，那么将年份和气温做了一个复合的key.

1 通过设置了partitioner来进行分区。因为分区是按照年份来进行，所以同年的数据就可以分区到一个reducer中。

2 自定义key比较器，按照年份升序，温度值降序。这样map输出的所有kv对就是按照年份升序，温度值降序排列的。
3 自定义分组比较器，所有同一年的数据属于同一个组，那么在reduce输出的时候，只需要取第一个value就能达到输出一年最高气温的目的。

代码：


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package temperature;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparator;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Partitioner;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.TextInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.TextOutputFormat;
public class Temperature {
// 自己定义的key类应该实现WritableComparable接口
public static class IntPair implements WritableComparable<IntPair> {
int first;
int second;
/**
* Set the left and right values.
*/
public void set(int left, int right) {
first = left;
second = right;
}
public int getFirst() {
return first;
}
public int getSecond() {
return second;
}
@Override
// 反序列化
public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
first = in.readInt();
second = in.readInt();
}
@Override
// 序列化
public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
out.writeInt(first);
out.writeInt(second);
}
@Override
// key的比较
public int compareTo(IntPair o) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (first != o.first) {
return first < o.first ? -1 : 1;
} else if (second != o.second) {
return second < o.second ? -1 : 1;
} else {
return 0;
}
}
// 新定义类应该重写的两个方法
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return first * 157 + second;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object right) {
if (right == null)
return false;
if (this == right)
return true;
if (right instanceof IntPair) {
IntPair r = (IntPair) right;
return r.first == first && r.second == second;
} else {
return false;
}
}
}
/**
* 分区函数类。根据first确定Partition。
*/
public static class FirstPartitioner extends
Partitioner<IntPair, NullWritable> {
@Override
public int getPartition(IntPair key, NullWritable value,
int numPartitions) {
return Math.abs(key.getFirst() * 127) % numPartitions;
}
}
/**
* key比较函数类。first升序，second降序。
*/
public static class KeyComparator extends WritableComparator {
protected KeyComparator() {
super(IntPair.class, true);
}
@Override
public int compare(WritableComparable w1, WritableComparable w2) {
IntPair ip1 = (IntPair) w1;
IntPair ip2 = (IntPair) w2;
int l = ip1.getFirst();
int r = ip2.getFirst();
int cmp = (l == r ? 0 : (l < r ? -1 : 1));
if (cmp != 0) {
return cmp;
}
l = ip1.getSecond();
r = ip2.getSecond();
return l == r ? 0 : (l < r ? 1 : -1); // reverse
}
}
/**
* 分组函数类。属于同一个组的value会放到同一个迭代器中，而比较是否是同一组需要使用GroupingComparator比较器。
*/
// 第二种方法，继承WritableComparator
public static class GroupingComparator extends WritableComparator {
protected GroupingComparator() {
super(IntPair.class, true);
}
@Override
// Compare two WritableComparables.
public int compare(WritableComparable w1, WritableComparable w2) {
IntPair ip1 = (IntPair) w1;
IntPair ip2 = (IntPair) w2;
int l = ip1.getFirst();
int r = ip2.getFirst();
return l == r ? 0 : (l < r ? -1 : 1);
}
}
// 自定义map
public static class Map extends
Mapper<LongWritable, Text, IntPair, NullWritable> {
private final IntPair intkey = new IntPair();
public void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context)
throws IOException, InterruptedException {
String line = value.toString();
StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line);
int left = 0;
int right = 0;
if (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
left = Integer.parseInt(tokenizer.nextToken());
if (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens())
right = Integer.parseInt(tokenizer.nextToken());
intkey.set(left, right);
context.write(intkey, NullWritable.get());
}
}
}
// 自定义reduce
//
public static class Reduce extends
Reducer<IntPair, NullWritable, IntWritable, IntWritable> {
private final IntWritable left = new IntWritable();
private final IntWritable right = new IntWritable();
public void reduce(IntPair key, Iterable<NullWritable> values,
Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
left.set(key.getFirst());
right.set(key.getSecond());
context.write(left, right);
}
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException,
InterruptedException, ClassNotFoundException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// 读取hadoop配置
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
// 实例化一道作业
Job job = new Job(conf, "temperature");
job.setJarByClass(Temperature.class);
// Mapper类型
job.setMapperClass(Map.class);
// 不再需要Combiner类型，因为Combiner的输出类型<Text,
// IntWritable>对Reduce的输入类型<IntPair, IntWritable>不适用
// job.setCombinerClass(Reduce.class);
// Reducer类型
job.setReducerClass(Reduce.class);
// 分区函数
job.setPartitionerClass(FirstPartitioner.class);
// key比较函数
job.setSortComparatorClass(KeyComparator.class);
// 分组函数
job.setGroupingComparatorClass(GroupingComparator.class);
// map 输出Key的类型
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(IntPair.class);
// map输出Value的类型
job.setMapOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
// rduce输出Key的类型，是Text，因为使用的OutputFormatClass是TextOutputFormat
job.setOutputKeyClass(IntWritable.class);
// rduce输出Value的类型
job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);
// 将输入的数据集分割成小数据块splites，同时提供一个RecordReder的实现。
job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class);
// 提供一个RecordWriter的实现，负责数据输出。
job.setOutputFormatClass(TextOutputFormat.class);
// 输入hdfs路径
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));
// 输出hdfs路径
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));
// 提交job
System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1);
}
}